ManyToMany單向、雙向:@JoinTable的使用
ManyToMany單向、雙向:@JoinTable使用
一、manytomany單向
單向是指類層面,在下面例子中老師類可以知道要教哪些學生,學生不知被哪些老師教
**需要用到連接表**@JoinTable(name="t_s", joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")} )
也可以不用連接表,但是若不用連接表,表名、列名規則:
- 在student表中沒有寫外鍵則會用對方的表名_主鍵名
- 在teacher表中有外鍵,則會s_id(也是student的主鍵名)
- 表名是student_teacher
student類
@Entity public class student { private int id; private String name; @Id @GeneratedValue public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
Teacher類
@Entity public class teacher { private int id; private String name; private Set<student> s=new HashSet<student>(); @Id //必須加在getId上面 @GeneratedValue public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } @ManyToMany @JoinTable(name="t_s", joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")} )//將會以上兩個字段為聯合主鍵 //定義中間表的名稱,列名:joinColumns,inverseJoinColumns是預防組合主鍵的時候。 public Set<student> getS() { return s; } public void setS(Set<student> s) { this.s = s; } }
二、manytomany雙向
也可以用@JoinTable對連接表字段名進行修改
@Entity public class student { private int id; private String name; private Set<teacher> ts=new HashSet<teacher>(); @Id @GeneratedValue public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @ManyToMany @JoinTable(name="t_s", joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")} ) public Set<teacher> getTs() { return ts; } public void setTs(Set<teacher> ts) { this.ts = ts; } }
@Entity public class teacher { private int id; private String name; private Set<student> s=new HashSet<student>(); @Id //必須加在getId上面 @GeneratedValue public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @ManyToMany(mappedBy="ts") //定義中間表的名稱,列名:joinColumns,inverseJoinColumns是預防組合主鍵的時候。 public Set<student> getS() { return s; } public void setS(Set<student> s) { this.s = s; } }
@ManyToMany(多對多關系)使用小結
DeviceGroup類
package com.sunwave.grouping.domain; import javax.persistence.*; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.List; @Entity @Table(name = "device_group") public class DeviceGroup implements Serializable{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) /* @Column(name="group_id")*/ private long groupId; @Column(name="group_name") private String groupName; @Column(name="description") private String description;//自動在數據庫裡生成瞭group_has_element表,該表包括group_id和element_id兩個字段,該表主要是用於存儲device_group表和ne_element表的對應關系。 @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)//表的關聯,生成一個group_has_element中間表。 @JoinTable(name = "group_has_element",joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "group_id",referencedColumnName = "groupId")} ,inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "element_id",referencedColumnName = "neNeid")}) private List<NeElement> elementList; public List<NeElement> getElementList() { return elementList; } public void setElementList(List<NeElement> elementList) { this.elementList = elementList; } public long getGroupId() { return groupId; } public void setGroupId(long groupId) { this.groupId = groupId; } public String getGroupName() { return groupName; } public void setGroupName(String groupName) { this.groupName = groupName; } public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } @Override public String toString() { return "DeviceGroup [groupId=" + groupId + ", groupName=" + groupName + ", description=" + description + ", elementList=" + elementList + "]"; } }
NeElement 類
package com.sunwave.grouping.domain; import javax.persistence.*; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; /** * @author lfw * @date 2020年8月3日 * @time 下午6:44:54 * */ @Entity @Table(name = "ne_element") public class NeElement implements Serializable{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long neNeid; //設備唯一標識 private String coonReqUrl; //設備連接URL private String serialNumber; //設備序列號 private String deviceIp; //設備IP private Long modelId;//modelName對應的id private String description;//描述 private String manufacturer;//制造商 private String softwareVersion;//軟件版本 private Date creationTime;//創建時間 private Date lastBootstrapTime; private Date lastConnTime;//最後連接時間 private Date updateTime;//更新時間 private String oui;//oui private String product; private Boolean authRequirement;//是否需要認證 private String dialectIP; private String updateUser;//更新用戶 private String macAddress;//mac地址 private Integer onlineStatus;//在線狀態 private Integer sessionStatus;//會話狀態 @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "elementList") private List<DeviceGroup> deviceGroupList; public String getDescription() { return description; } public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; } public String getManufacturer() { return manufacturer; } public void setManufacturer(String manufacturer) { this.manufacturer = manufacturer; } public String getSoftwareVersion() { return softwareVersion; } public void setSoftwareVersion(String softwareVersion) { this.softwareVersion = softwareVersion; } public Date getLastConnTime() { return lastConnTime; } public void setLastConnTime(Date lastConnTime) { this.lastConnTime = lastConnTime; } public Long getModelId() { return modelId; } public void setModelId(Long modelId) { this.modelId = modelId; } public Long getNeNeid() { return neNeid; } public void setNeNeid(Long neNeid) { this.neNeid = neNeid; } public String getCoonReqUrl() { return coonReqUrl; } public void setCoonReqUrl(String coonReqUrl) { this.coonReqUrl = coonReqUrl; } public String getDeviceIp() { return deviceIp; } public void setDeviceIp(String deviceIp) { this.deviceIp = deviceIp; } public String getSerialNumber() { return serialNumber; } public void setSerialNumber(String serialNumber) { this.serialNumber = serialNumber; } public Date getCreationTime() { return creationTime; } public void setCreationTime(Date creationTime) { this.creationTime = creationTime; } public Date getLastBootstrapTime() { return lastBootstrapTime; } public void setLastBootstrapTime(Date lastBootstrapTime) { this.lastBootstrapTime = lastBootstrapTime; } public Date getUpdateTime() { return updateTime; } public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) { this.updateTime = updateTime; } public String getOui() { return oui; } public void setOui(String oui) { this.oui = oui; } public String getProduct() { return product; } public void setProduct(String product) { this.product = product; } public Boolean getAuthRequirement() { return authRequirement; } public void setAuthRequirement(Boolean authRequirement) { this.authRequirement = authRequirement; } public String getDialectIP() { return dialectIP; } public void setDialectIP(String dialectIP) { this.dialectIP = dialectIP; } public String getUpdateUser() { return updateUser; } public void setUpdateUser(String updateUser) { this.updateUser = updateUser; } public String getMacAddress() { return macAddress; } public void setMacAddress(String macAddress) { this.macAddress = macAddress; } public Integer getOnlineStatus() { return onlineStatus; } public void setOnlineStatus(Integer onlineStatus) { this.onlineStatus = onlineStatus; } public Integer getSessionStatus() { return sessionStatus; } public void setSessionStatus(Integer sessionStatus) { this.sessionStatus = sessionStatus; } }
以上為多對多關系的使用,大傢可以參考,本人在使用過程中遇到以下報錯信息:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘entityManagerFactory’ defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.sunwave.grouping.domain.DeviceGroup.elementList
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1694) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:573) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:495) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1087) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:857) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:548) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:142) ~[spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:754) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:386) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:307) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1242) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1230) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at com.sunwave.Application.main(Application.java:26) [classes/:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) [spring-boot-devtools-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
Caused by: org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.sunwave.grouping.domain.DeviceGroup.elementList
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindCollectionSecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1621) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindManyToManySecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1352) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindStarToManySecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:810) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder$1.secondPass(CollectionBinder.java:735) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.CollectionSecondPass.doSecondPass(CollectionSecondPass.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1640) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1608) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:278) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:861) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:888) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:57) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:390) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:377) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1753) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1690) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
… 21 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.cfg.RecoverableException: Unable to find column with logical name: groupId in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(device_group) and its related supertables and secondary tables
at org.hibernate.cfg.Ejb3JoinColumn.checkReferencedColumnsType(Ejb3JoinColumn.java:837) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.BinderHelper.createSyntheticPropertyReference(BinderHelper.java:244) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindCollectionSecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1611) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
… 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Unable to find column with logical name: groupId in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(device_group) and its related supertables and secondary tables
at org.hibernate.cfg.Ejb3JoinColumn.checkReferencedColumnsType(Ejb3JoinColumn.java:832) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
… 39 common frames omitted
檢查瞭實體類和數據庫發現沒有什麼錯,原來是因為我的實體類裡的groupId上用瞭/*@Column(name=“group_id”)註解,如下把該註解註釋掉或者刪除掉就可以瞭。
/* @Column(name="group_id")*/ private long groupId;
其他關於@ManyToMany(多對多關系)的使用可以去百度再看看,本人就不多說瞭。
以上為個人經驗,希望能給大傢一個參考,也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。
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