SpringBoot設置動態定時任務的方法詳解
之前寫過文章記錄怎麼在SpringBoot項目中簡單使用定時任務,不過由於要借助cron表達式且都提前定義好放在配置文件裡,不能在項目運行中動態修改任務執行時間,實在不太靈活。
經過網上搜索學習後,特此記錄如何在SpringBoot項目中實現動態定時任務。
因為隻是一個demo,所以隻引入瞭需要的依賴:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <!-- spring boot 2.3版本後,如果需要使用校驗,需手動導入validation包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> </dependencies>
啟動類:
package com.wl.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; /** * @author wl * @date 2022/3/22 */ @EnableScheduling @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); System.out.println("(*^▽^*)啟動成功!!!(〃'▽'〃)"); } }
配置文件application.yml,隻定義瞭服務端口:
server: port: 8089
定時任務執行時間配置文件:task-config.ini:
printTime.cron=0/10 * * * * ?
定時任務執行類:
package com.wl.demo.task; import lombok.Data; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.scheduling.Trigger; import org.springframework.scheduling.TriggerContext; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer; import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar; import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.time.LocalDateTime; import java.util.Date; /** * 定時任務 * @author wl * @date 2022/3/22 */ @Data @Slf4j @Component @PropertySource("classpath:/task-config.ini") public class ScheduleTask implements SchedulingConfigurer { @Value("${printTime.cron}") private String cron; @Override public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) { // 動態使用cron表達式設置循環間隔 taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { log.info("Current time: {}", LocalDateTime.now()); } }, new Trigger() { @Override public Date nextExecutionTime(TriggerContext triggerContext) { // 使用CronTrigger觸發器,可動態修改cron表達式來操作循環規則 CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(cron); Date nextExecutionTime = cronTrigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext); return nextExecutionTime; } }); } }
編寫一個接口,使得可以通過調用接口動態修改該定時任務的執行時間:
package com.wl.demo.controller; import com.wl.demo.task.ScheduleTask; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author wl * @date 2022/3/22 */ @Slf4j @RestController @RequestMapping("/test") public class TestController { private final ScheduleTask scheduleTask; @Autowired public TestController(ScheduleTask scheduleTask) { this.scheduleTask = scheduleTask; } @GetMapping("/updateCron") public String updateCron(String cron) { log.info("new cron :{}", cron); scheduleTask.setCron(cron); return "ok"; } }
啟動項目,可以看到任務每10秒執行一次:
訪問接口,傳入請求參數cron表達式,將定時任務修改為15秒執行一次:
可以看到任務變成瞭15秒執行一次
除瞭上面的借助cron表達式的方法,還有另一種觸發器,區別於CronTrigger觸發器,該觸發器可隨意設置循環間隔時間,不像cron表達式隻能定義小於等於間隔59秒。
package com.wl.demo.task; import lombok.Data; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; import org.springframework.scheduling.Trigger; import org.springframework.scheduling.TriggerContext; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer; import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar; import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger; import org.springframework.scheduling.support.PeriodicTrigger; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.time.LocalDateTime; import java.util.Date; /** * 定時任務 * @author wl * @date 2022/3/22 */ @Data @Slf4j @Component @PropertySource("classpath:/task-config.ini") public class ScheduleTask implements SchedulingConfigurer { @Value("${printTime.cron}") private String cron; private Long timer = 10000L; @Override public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) { // 動態使用cron表達式設置循環間隔 taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { log.info("Current time: {}", LocalDateTime.now()); } }, new Trigger() { @Override public Date nextExecutionTime(TriggerContext triggerContext) { // 使用CronTrigger觸發器,可動態修改cron表達式來操作循環規則 // CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(cron); // Date nextExecutionTime = cronTrigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext); // 使用不同的觸發器,為設置循環時間的關鍵,區別於CronTrigger觸發器,該觸發器可隨意設置循環間隔時間,單位為毫秒 PeriodicTrigger periodicTrigger = new PeriodicTrigger(timer); Date nextExecutionTime = periodicTrigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext); return nextExecutionTime; } }); } }
增加一個修改時間的接口:
package com.wl.demo.controller; import com.wl.demo.task.ScheduleTask; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /** * @author wl * @date 2022/3/22 */ @Slf4j @RestController @RequestMapping("/test") public class TestController { private final ScheduleTask scheduleTask; @Autowired public TestController(ScheduleTask scheduleTask) { this.scheduleTask = scheduleTask; } @GetMapping("/updateCron") public String updateCron(String cron) { log.info("new cron :{}", cron); scheduleTask.setCron(cron); return "ok"; } @GetMapping("/updateTimer") public String updateTimer(Long timer) { log.info("new timer :{}", timer); scheduleTask.setTimer(timer); return "ok"; } }
測試結果:
到此這篇關於SpringBoot設置動態定時任務的方法詳解的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關SpringBoot設置動態定時任務內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet!
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