一文秒懂logstash收集springboot日志的方法

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maven依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.logstash.logback</groupId>
    <artifactId>logstash-logback-encoder</artifactId>
    <version>5.1</version>
</dependency>

springboot 配置文件

logging:
  config: classpath:logback.xml

logback.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
	<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml" />
	<!--======================================= 本地變量 ======================================== -->
	<!--在沒有定義${LOG_HOME}系統變量的時候，可以設置此本地變量。提交測試、上線時，要將其註釋掉，使用系統變量。 -->
	<property name="LOG_HOME" value="logs/spring.log" />

	<!-- 應用名稱：和統一配置中的項目代碼保持一致（小寫） -->
	<property name="APP_NAME" value="log" />
	<!--日志文件保留天數 -->
	<property name="LOG_MAX_HISTORY" value="30" />
	<!--定義日志文件的存儲地址 勿在 LogBack 的配置中使用相對路徑 -->
	<!--應用日志文件保存路徑 -->
	<property name="LOG_APP_HOME" value="${APP_NAME}/%d{yyyy-MM-dd}" />

	<!--=========================== 按照每天生成日志文件：默認配置=================================== -->
	<!-- 控制臺輸出 -->
	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
		<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
			<!--格式化輸出：%d表示日期，%thread表示線程名，%-5level：級別從左顯示5個字符寬度%msg：日志消息，%n是換行符 -->
			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</encoder>
	</appender>
	<!-- 按照每天生成日志文件：主項目日志 -->
	<appender name="APP"
		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
			<!--日志文件輸出的文件名 -->
			<FileNamePattern>${LOG_APP_HOME}/base.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
			</FileNamePattern>
			<!--日志文件保留天數 -->
			<MaxHistory>${LOG_MAX_HISTORY}</MaxHistory>
		</rollingPolicy>
		<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
			<!--格式化輸出：%d表示日期，%thread表示線程名，%-5level：級別從左顯示5個字符寬度%msg：日志消息，%n是換行符 -->
			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{500} - %msg%n</pattern>
		</encoder>
	</appender>
	<!--=============================== 日志輸出: 默認主業務日志 ====================================== -->
	<logger name="org.springframework">
		<level value="WARN" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.apache.shiro">
		<level value="WARN" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="freemarker">
		<level value="WARN" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.hibernate">
		<level value="WARN" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.hibernate.SQL">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.apache.ibatis">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="org.mybatis.spring">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<logger name="com.alibaba.druid">
		<level value="DEBUG,INFO" />
	</logger>
    <!-- 這裡是你的業務的包名 -->
    <logger name="com.bart.elk">
		<level value="DEBUG" />
	</logger>
	<!-- logstash ip和暴露的端口，我目前理解就是通過這個地址把日志發送過去  -->
	<appender name="LOGSTASH" class="net.logstash.logback.appender.LogstashTcpSocketAppender">
		<!-- 和logstash 的input 配置的端口保持一致 -->
        <destination>localhost:4567</destination> 
        <encoder charset="UTF-8" class="net.logstash.logback.encoder.LogstashEncoder" />
    </appender>
	<root level="warn,info,debug">
		<appender-ref ref="APP" />
		<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
		<appender-ref ref="LOGSTASH" />
        <appender-ref ref="CONSOLE" />
	</root>
</configuration>

logstash

springboot-log.conf

# 文檔 
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/5.6/input-plugins.html
# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/6.1/input-plugins.html
input{
	tcp {
        mode => "server"
        host => "0.0.0.0"
        port => 4567
        codec => json_lines
	}
}

output{
    # 為瞭模擬測試就先不放es瞭，在控制臺輸出測試看看
	#elasticsearch{
	#    hosts=>["127.0.0.1:9200"]
	#    index => "springboot-elk-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
    #}
	stdout{
		codec => rubydebug
	}
}

測試接口

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

@RestController
public class ApiTests {

	protected final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiTests.class);
	
	@GetMapping("/api/log")
	public Object log() {
		ServletRequestAttributes requestAttributes = (ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
		HttpServletRequest request = requestAttributes.getRequest();
		String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
		String uri = request.getRequestURI();
		String logStr = String.format("IP=[%s] send request URI = [%s]", ip, uri);
		log.debug("[debug] "+logStr);
		log.info("[info] "+logStr);
		log.warn("[warn] "+logStr);
		log.error("[error] "+logStr);
		return "ok : "+ LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
	}	
}

測試效果

先運行logstash

# linux: 
bin/logstash -f config/springboot-log.conf

# windows: 
bin\logstash.bat -f config/springboot-log.conf

在運行springboot項目，然後調用測試接口：http://localhost:8080/api/log

觀察logstash控制臺輸出：

{
     "@timestamp" => 2021-04-28T15:40:43.182Z,
          "level" => "DEBUG",
           "port" => 57778,
    "thread_name" => "http-nio-8080-exec-1",
    "level_value" => 10000,
       "@version" => "1",
           "host" => "127.0.0.1",
    "logger_name" => "com.bart.elk.ApiTests",
        "message" => "[debug] IP=[127.0.0.1] send request URI = [/api/log]"
}
{
     "@timestamp" => 2021-04-28T15:40:43.182Z,
          "level" => "INFO",
           "port" => 57778,
    "thread_name" => "http-nio-8080-exec-1",
    "level_value" => 20000,
       "@version" => "1",
           "host" => "127.0.0.1",
    "logger_name" => "com.bart.elk.ApiTests",
        "message" => "[info] IP=[127.0.0.1] send request URI = [/api/log]"
}
{
     "@timestamp" => 2021-04-28T15:40:43.183Z,
          "level" => "WARN",
           "port" => 57778,
    "thread_name" => "http-nio-8080-exec-1",
    "level_value" => 30000,
       "@version" => "1",
           "host" => "127.0.0.1",
    "logger_name" => "com.bart.elk.ApiTests",
        "message" => "[warn] IP=[127.0.0.1] send request URI = [/api/log]"
}
{
     "@timestamp" => 2021-04-28T15:40:43.183Z,
          "level" => "ERROR",
           "port" => 57778,
    "thread_name" => "http-nio-8080-exec-1",
    "level_value" => 40000,
       "@version" => "1",
           "host" => "127.0.0.1",
    "logger_name" => "com.bart.elk.ApiTests",
        "message" => "[error] IP=[127.0.0.1] send request URI = [/api/log]"
}

說明運行成功！

參考說明：

logstash-logback-encoder

參考博客-1

參考博客-2

logstash 文檔

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