SpringBoot整合MyBatis超詳細教程
1.整合MyBatis操作
前面一篇提到瞭SpringBoot整合基礎的數據源JDBC、Druid操作,實際項目中更常用的還是MyBatis框架,而SpringBoot整合MyBatis進行CRUD也非常方便。
下面從配置模式、註解模式、混合模式三個方面進行說明MyBatis與SpringBoot的整合。
1.1.配置模式
MyBatis配置模式是指使用mybatis配置文件的方式與SpringBoot進行整合,相對應的就有mybatis-config.xml(用於配置駝峰命名,也可以省略這個文件)、XxxMapper.xml文件。
主要步驟為:
- 導入mybatis官方starter
- 編寫mapper接口。標準@Mapper註解
- 編寫sql映射文件並綁定mapper接口
在application.yaml中指定Mapper配置文件的位置,以及指定全局配置文件的信息 (建議;配置在mybatis.configuration中,可以省略mybatis-config.xml文件)
下面是具體整合配置步驟:
①引入相關依賴pom.xml配置:
pom.xml
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--整合mybatis--> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <excludes> <exclude> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> </exclude> </excludes> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
②編寫對應Mapper接口:
@Mapper //這個註解表示瞭這個類是一個mybatis的mapper接口類 @Repository public interface UserMapper { //@Select("select * from user") List<User> findAllUsers(); //@Insert("insert into user(id, username, password) values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password})") void insert(User user); //@Update("update user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id}") void update(User user); //@Delete("delete from user where id = #{id}") void deleteById(Integer id); }
③在resources下創建對應的mapper文件,對應domain類,數據庫表單如下:
User類:
@Data public class User { private Integer id; private String username; private String password; }
數據庫user表:
UserMapper.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <!--namespace表示當前mapper的唯一標識:一般使用domain的全路徑名+Mapper來命名--> <mapper namespace="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper.UserMapper"> <!--id:方法表示,一般配置對應的方法; resultType:表示該方法有返回,返回需要封裝到對應實體的類型--> <select id="findAllUsers" resultType="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.User"> select * from user </select> <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.User"> insert into user(id, username, password) values (#{id}, #{username}, #{password}) </insert> <update id="update" parameterType="com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.entity.User"> update user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id} </update> <delete id="deleteById" parameterType="Integer"> delete from user where id = #{id} </delete> </mapper>
④對應配置application.yml文件:
application.yml
server: port: 8083 spring: datasource: username: root password: admin #假如時區報錯,增加時區配置serverTimezone=UTC url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis02_0322?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver mybatis: #config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 使用瞭configuration註解則無需再指定mybatis-config.xml文件 mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml configuration: #指定mybatis全局配置文件中的相關配置項 map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
1.2.註解模式
註解模式使用
主要步驟:
- 導入mybatis官方依賴
- 註解方式編寫mapper接口
- 在application.yaml中指定Mapper配置文件的位置,以及指定全局配置文件的信息
可以看到註解模式比配置模式少瞭編寫Mapper.xml文件,簡化瞭簡單SQL語句的xml文件編寫。
下面是具體整合步驟:
①創建測試表單city,對應domain類:
建表sql:
CREATE TABLE city ( id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(30), state VARCHAR(30), country VARCHAR(30) );
City類:
@Data public class City { private Long id; private String name; private String state; private String country; }
②導入pom.xml與配置模式相同,編寫註解式CityMapper接口:
@Mapper @Repository public interface CityMapper { @Select("select * from city where id = #{id}") public City getCityById(Long id); /** * 使用@Options來增加除Insert語句中其它可選參數,比如插入獲取id主鍵的值 * @param city */ @Insert("insert into city(name, state, country) values (#{name}, #{state}, #{country})") @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "id") public void insert(City city); @Update("update city set name = #{name}, state = #{state}, country = #{country} where id = #{id}") public void update(City city); @Delete("delete from city where id = #{id}") public void deleteById(Long id); }
③編寫Service層、Controller層:
Service相關:
public interface CityService { City findCityById(Long id); void insert(City city); void update(City city); void deleteById(Long id); } @Service public class CityServiceImpl implements CityService { @Autowired private CityMapper cityMapper; @Override public City findCityById(Long id) { return cityMapper.getCityById(id); } @Override public void insert(City city) { cityMapper.insert(city); } @Override public void update(City city) { cityMapper.update(city); } @Override public void deleteById(Long id) { cityMapper.deleteById(id); } }
Controller相關:
@RestController @RequestMapping("/city/api") public class CityController { @Autowired private CityService cityService; @RequestMapping("/findCityById/{id}") public City findCityById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ return cityService.findCityById(id); } @PostMapping("/insert") public String insert(City city){ cityService.insert(city); return "insert ok"; } @PostMapping("/update") public String update(City city){ cityService.update(city); return "update ok"; } @GetMapping("/delete/{id}") public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Long id){ cityService.deleteById(id); return "delete ok"; } }
④對應使用Postman接口進行測試:
簡單模擬接口POST/GET請求即可:
1.3.混合模式
在實際項目開發中涉及很多復雜業務及連表查詢SQL,可以配合使用註解與配置模式,達到最佳實踐的目的。
實際項目操作步驟:
- 引入mybatis-starter
- 配置application.yaml中,指定mapper-location位置即可
- 編寫Mapper接口並標註@Mapper註解
- 簡單方法直接註解方式
- 復雜方法編寫mapper.xml進行綁定映射
- 主啟動類上使用@MapperScan(“com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper”) 簡化Mapper接口,包下所有接口就可以不用標註@Mapper註解
具體配置如下:
@SpringBootApplication //主啟動類上標註,在XxxMapper中可以省略@Mapper註解 @MapperScan("com.fengye.springboot_mybatis.mapper") public class SpringbootMybatisApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootMybatisApplication.class, args); } } @Repository public interface CityMapper { @Select("select * from city where id = #{id}") public City getCityById(Long id); /** * 使用@Options來增加除Insert語句中其它可選參數,比如插入獲取id主鍵的值 * @param city */ @Insert("insert into city(name, state, country) values (#{name}, #{state}, #{country})") @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "id") public void insert(City city); @Update("update city set name = #{name}, state = #{state}, country = #{country} where id = #{id}") public void update(City city); @Delete("delete from city where id = #{id}") public void deleteById(Long id); }
本博客參考寫作文檔:
SpringBoot2核心技術與響應式編程
博客涉及代碼示例均已上傳至github地址:
SpringBootStudy
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