matplotlib實現自定義散點形狀marker的3種方法

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

data = np.random.rand(3,2)
fig = plt.figure() 
ax = fig.add_subplot(111) 
markers = ["$\u266B$", r"$\frac{1}{2}$", "$\heartsuit$"]
for i in range(data.shape[0]):
    ax.scatter(data[i,0], data[i,1], marker=markers[i], s=400) 
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import numpy as np

star = mpath.Path.unit_regular_star(6)  # 星型Path
circle = mpath.Path.unit_circle()  # 圓形Path 
# 整合兩個路徑對象的點
verts = np.concatenate([circle.vertices, star.vertices[::-1, ...]])
# 整合兩個路徑對象點的類型
codes = np.concatenate([circle.codes, star.codes])

# 根據路徑點和點的類型重新生成一個新的Path對象 
cut_star = mpath.Path(verts, codes)

plt.plot(np.arange(10)**2, '--r', marker=cut_star, markersize=15)

plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import numpy as np

circle = mpath.Path.unit_circle()  # 獲得一個圓 
verts_part= circle.wedge(340,220).vertices  # 按逆時針從340度到220度部分圓的路徑點
codes_part = circle.wedge(340,220).codes  # 點類型 
verts_part = verts_part[1:-2]  # 去除第一個點和最後兩個點 
codes_part = codes_part[1:-2] 
# 整合新的點 
verts = np.concatenate([np.array([[0,-2]]), verts_part, np.array([[0,-2]])]) 
codes = [mpath.Path.MOVETO] + codes_part.tolist() +  [mpath.Path.CLOSEPOLY] 

icon = mpath.Path(vertices=verts, codes=codes)

plt.plot(verts[:,0], verts[:,1]) 
plt.show() 

plt.scatter(data[:,0], data[:,1], marker=icon, s=300, facecolor="none",edgecolors="black")
plt.show()

import matplotlib as mpl 
from svgpath2mpl import parse_path
import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree 
from six import StringIO 
import re 

# svg格式圖片的svg代碼
svg = """<svg t="1616741322150" class="icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" p-id="8787" width="200" height="200"><path d="M292.306 214.793c40.673-59.469 98.47-89.114 123.74-99.877-50.841 19.771-94.015 54.996-123.74 99.877zM317.249 549.7l-0.009-0.017a0.095 0.095 0 0 1 0.009 0.017zM330.252 573.425l-0.889-1.589 0.889 1.589zM314.714 544.938zM312.366 540.488c-16.983-32.365-32.057-64.58-43.611-95.073 10.481 27.982 25.067 59.78 43.611 95.073z" fill="#8BF268" p-id="8788"></path><path d="M276.744 382.688C295.187 506.384 510.593 843.49 510.593 843.49S409.26 713.734 331.798 576.177c15.768 28.036 33.713 57.96 53.791 89.654 50.524 79.755 101.501 149.919 125.003 181.547a2836.34 2836.34 0 0 0 13.718-18.628c41.494-66.235 208.413-337.835 224.549-446.063 27.402-152.126-70.696-229.04-122.257-258.284-34.982-17.378-74.37-27.171-116.009-27.171-30.64 0-60.058 5.311-87.405 15.032-30.816 13.288-179.4 87.46-146.444 270.424z m233.849-157.864c78.389 0 142.163 63.774 142.163 142.163S588.982 509.15 510.593 509.15 368.43 445.376 368.43 366.987s63.773-142.163 142.163-142.163z" fill="#8BF268" p-id="8789"></path><path d="M497.201 885.762l13.392 17.442 13.392-17.442c0.701-0.913 70.898-92.56 140.138-201.86C758.272 535.28 806.01 425.928 806.01 358.882c0-39.874-7.813-78.564-23.222-114.995-14.88-35.18-36.178-66.772-63.303-93.897s-58.716-48.423-93.896-63.303c-36.432-15.409-75.121-23.222-114.995-23.222s-78.563 7.813-114.995 23.222c-35.18 14.88-66.772 36.178-93.897 63.303s-48.423 58.717-63.303 93.897c-15.409 36.431-23.222 75.121-23.222 114.995 0 67.046 47.738 176.399 141.888 325.02 69.238 109.3 139.435 200.947 140.136 201.86z m-68.507-775.74s-1.986 0.725-5.507 2.243c27.347-9.721 56.765-15.032 87.405-15.032 41.638 0 81.026 9.793 116.009 27.171-17.536-9.946-29.693-14.382-29.693-14.382s187.827 60.358 180.229 265.49C746.326 547.301 515.01 843.49 515.01 843.49s3.369-5.272 9.299-14.739a2790.949 2790.949 0 0 1-13.718 18.628c-23.502-31.628-74.479-101.792-125.003-181.547-20.078-31.694-38.022-61.618-53.791-89.654a1069.523 1069.523 0 0 1-2.435-4.341 1399.816 1399.816 0 0 1-12.114-22.136l-0.009-0.017c-0.847-1.582-1.689-3.164-2.527-4.745-0.685-1.291-1.36-2.574-2.035-3.855l-0.313-0.595c-18.543-35.293-33.13-67.091-43.611-95.073-9.363-24.711-16.414-48.291-20.29-69.902-2.548-68.796 16.885-121.307 43.842-160.72 29.725-44.881 72.899-80.106 123.74-99.877 7.92-3.374 12.649-4.895 12.649-4.895z" fill="" p-id="8790"></path><path d="M510.593 509.151c78.389 0 142.163-63.774 142.163-142.163s-63.774-142.163-142.163-142.163S368.43 288.599 368.43 366.988s63.773 142.163 142.163 142.163z m108.395-142.164c0 59.769-48.626 108.395-108.395 108.395s-108.395-48.626-108.395-108.395 48.626-108.395 108.395-108.395 108.395 48.627 108.395 108.395zM736.383 836.927c-20.041-9.489-47.483-17.342-81.565-23.342l-0.655 3.723a12.318 12.318 0 0 0-1.116-0.194c-6.864-0.816-13.127 4.408-13.99 11.668-0.849 7.137 3.843 13.572 10.522 14.564l-0.615 3.496c29.133 5.128 53.509 11.86 70.496 19.466 18.638 8.346 21.571 14.609 21.86 15.365-0.868 3.232-13.707 16.8-63.714 28.875-45.006 10.868-104.318 16.853-167.012 16.853s-122.007-5.985-167.013-16.853c-50.105-12.099-62.896-25.697-63.719-28.894 1.082-4.274 21.574-23.326 99.529-36.026l-0.62-3.806c6.158-1.477 10.323-7.675 9.466-14.463-0.899-7.125-6.996-12.235-13.711-11.594l-0.565-3.466c-35.641 5.806-65.645 13.94-86.77 23.521-27.28 12.374-41.112 27.795-41.112 45.835 0 14.81 9.313 27.887 27.679 38.869 13.882 8.302 33.26 15.631 57.594 21.786 48.085 12.162 111.741 18.86 179.241 18.86s131.155-6.698 179.241-18.86c24.334-6.155 43.712-13.484 57.594-21.786 18.366-10.982 27.679-24.06 27.679-38.869 0-17.513-13.029-32.562-38.724-44.728z" fill="" p-id="8791"></path><path d="M292.306 214.793c-26.956 39.413-46.389 91.924-43.842 160.72 3.876 21.611 10.928 45.191 20.29 69.902 11.553 30.493 26.628 62.708 43.611 95.073l0.313 0.595a1193.743 1193.743 0 0 0 4.562 8.6l0.009 0.017a1395.399 1395.399 0 0 0 14.549 26.477C409.26 713.734 510.593 843.49 510.593 843.49S295.187 506.384 276.744 382.688c-32.956-182.964 115.628-257.137 146.443-270.423 3.52-1.518 5.507-2.243 5.507-2.243s-4.729 1.521-12.649 4.894c-25.269 10.762-83.066 40.407-123.739 99.877z" fill="#FFFFFF" p-id="8792"></path><path d="M748.858 382.688c-16.136 108.228-183.054 379.827-224.549 446.063-5.93 9.467-9.299 14.739-9.299 14.739s231.316-296.189 262.128-467.977c7.597-205.132-180.229-265.49-180.229-265.49s12.156 4.435 29.693 14.382c51.56 29.243 149.658 106.157 122.256 258.283z" fill="#2FBC3C" p-id="8793"></path></svg>"""
# 解析代碼 
tree = etree.parse(StringIO(svg)) 
root = tree.getroot() 
width = int(re.match(r'\d+', root.attrib['width']).group())
height = int(re.match(r'\d+', root.attrib['height']).group())
path_elems = root.findall('.//{http://www.w3.org/2000/svg}path') 

# 解析出每個Path對象
paths = [parse_path(elem.attrib['d']) for elem in path_elems] 
facecolors = [elem.attrib.get('fill', 'none') for elem in path_elems] 
facecolors = [c if c !="" else "none" for c in facecolors]
edgecolors = [elem.attrib.get('stroke', 'none') for elem in path_elems]
linewidths = [elem.attrib.get('stroke_width', 1) for elem in path_elems]

#定義旋轉矩陣
def rot(verts, az):
    #順時針旋轉
    rad = az / 180 * np.pi
    verts = np.array(verts)
    rotMat = np.array([[np.cos(rad), -np.sin(rad)], [np.sin(rad), np.cos(rad)]])
    transVerts = verts.dot(rotMat)
    return transVerts

# 合並每個Path對象
verts = paths[0].vertices 
codes = paths[0].codes 
for i in range(1,len(paths)): 
    verts = np.concatenate([verts, paths[i].vertices])
    codes = np.concatenate([codes, paths[i].codes])
verts = rot(verts, 180) 
fig = plt.figure() 
ax = fig.add_subplot(111) 
ax.plot(verts[:,0], verts[:,1]  , color="red")  
plt.show() 

# 定義解析函數 
def svg2path(svg):
    # 解析代碼 
    tree = etree.parse(StringIO(svg)) 
    root = tree.getroot() 
    path_elems = root.findall('.//{http://www.w3.org/2000/svg}path') 

    # 解析出每個Path對象
    paths = [parse_path(elem.attrib['d']) for elem in path_elems] 
    
    # 合並path對象
    verts = paths[0].vertices 
    codes = paths[0].codes 
    for i in range(1, len(paths)): 
        verts = np.concatenate([verts, paths[i].vertices])
        codes = np.concatenate([codes, paths[i].codes])
    # 復原為原來的形狀
    verts = rot(verts, 270) 
    verts = np.fliplr(verts)  # 水平翻轉，鏡像
    #verts = (verts - verts.min(0)) / (verts.max(0) - verts.min(0)) 
    icon = mpath.Path(vertices=verts, codes=codes)
    return icon 

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      """<svg t="1616821127367" class="icon" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" p-id="2163" width="200" height="200"><path d="M227.3 551.5c-91.3 0-165.6 74.3-165.6 165.6S136 882.7 227.3 882.7s165.6-74.3 165.6-165.6-74.3-165.6-165.6-165.6z m0 287.2c-67.1 0-121.6-54.5-121.6-121.6s54.6-121.6 121.6-121.6S348.9 650 348.9 717.1s-54.5 121.6-121.6 121.6zM631.4 333.8c59.2 0 107.4-48.2 107.5-107.5 0-59.3-48.2-107.5-107.5-107.5S523.9 167 523.9 226.3s48.2 107.5 107.5 107.5z m0-171c35 0 63.4 28.5 63.5 63.5 0 35-28.5 63.5-63.5 63.5s-63.5-28.5-63.5-63.5 28.5-63.5 63.5-63.5zM789.7 563.5c-91.3 0-165.6 74.3-165.6 165.6s74.3 165.6 165.6 165.6 165.6-74.3 165.6-165.6S881 563.5 789.7 563.5z m0 287.2c-67.1 0-121.6-54.5-121.6-121.6s54.6-121.6 121.6-121.6c67.1 0 121.6 54.5 121.6 121.6s-54.5 121.6-121.6 121.6zM615 573.6l-112.1-95.1 26.3-39.2 118.7 61.5c9.1 4.7 18.8 6.9 28.4 6.9 19.9 0 39.4-9.7 51.2-27.3a61.74 61.74 0 0 0 8.6-49.6c-4.4-16.9-15.8-31.3-31.3-39.4L546.7 309c-29.6-15.4-65.8-6.2-84.4 21.5l-85.5 127.3c-18.5 27.6-13.3 64.7 12.1 86.2l99.6 84.1-53.8 80.1c-8.7 12.9-11.8 28.4-8.8 43.6s11.7 28.4 24.6 37c9.6 6.5 20.8 9.9 32.2 9.9 3.8 0 7.6-0.4 11.3-1.2 15.2-3 28.4-11.7 37-24.6l92.5-137.7c13.3-19.8 9.6-46.2-8.5-61.6z m-28 37.1l-92.6 137.7c-4.3 6.4-13.1 8.1-19.5 3.8s-8.1-13.1-3.8-19.5l64.8-96.5c6.2-9.3 4.5-21.9-4.1-29.1l-114.5-96.8c-8.3-7-10-19.1-3.9-28.1l85.5-127.3c6-9 17.8-12 27.3-7l158.1 82.4c4.6 2.4 7.7 6.4 9 11.3s0.4 10-2.4 14.2c-5 7.4-14.8 9.9-22.8 5.8L532 391c-9.9-5.1-22.2-2-28.4 7.3l-48.2 71.9c-6.3 9.3-4.5 21.8 4 29l127.1 108c1 0.9 1.3 2.4 0.5 3.5z" p-id="2164"></path></svg>"""]
icons = []
for s in svg:
    icons.append(svg2path(s)) 

fig = plt.figure() 
ax = fig.add_subplot(111) 
for i in range(data.shape[0]):
    ax.scatter(data[i,0], data[i,1], marker=icons[i], s=3000)
plt.show()