最優雅地整合 Spring & Spring MVC & MyBatis 搭建 Java 企業級應用(附源碼)
這裡使用 Maven 項目管理工具構建項目
初始化項目
- 打開 Intellij IDEA，點擊
Create New Project - 選擇 Maven 構建項目
- 選擇 JDK 版本
選擇 maven-archetype-webapp 模板（Java Web 項目）
填寫項目在 Maven 倉庫中的坐標（在 Maven 倉庫中根據這個坐標才能找到該項目）
- 選擇 Maven 路徑
- 選擇 Maven 配置文件路徑
- 選擇 Maven 本地倉庫路徑
- 填寫項目名
- 選擇工作目錄
創建目錄
在 src > main 目錄下分別新建 java 源碼目錄 和 resource 配置文件目錄
java 目錄下創建基本的源碼目錄結構
webapp 目錄下創建 static 目錄，用於存放靜態資源文件（css, js, img 等）
webapp > WEB-INF 目錄下創建 views 目錄，用於存放視圖頁面（jsp, html 等）
pom.xml
完整的 pom.xml 配置如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.antoniopeng</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm-example</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>hello-ssm Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>https://antoniopeng.com</url>
<properties>
<!-- 環境配置 -->
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<!-- 統一的依賴管理 -->
<alibaba-druid.version>1.1.6</alibaba-druid.version>
<apache-httpclient.version>4.5.5</apache-httpclient.version>
<commons-email.version>1.5</commons-email.version>
<commons-fileupload.version>1.3.2</commons-fileupload.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.5</commons-lang3.version>
<hibernate-validator.version>5.3.4.Final</hibernate-validator.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.5</jackson.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<kaptcha.version>2.3</kaptcha.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mybaits-spring.version>1.3.1</mybaits-spring.version>
<mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.46</mysql.version>
<servlet-api.version>3.1.0</servlet-api.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.25</slf4j.version>
<spring.version>4.3.17.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- Test Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Test Begin -->
<!-- Spring Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring End -->
<!-- Servlet Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet End -->
<!-- Log Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Log End -->
<!-- Commons Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-email</artifactId>
<version>${commons-email.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Commons End -->
<!-- Database Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${alibaba-druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybaits-spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate-validator.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Database End -->
<!-- Json Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Json End -->
<!-- Apache Http Begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>fluent-hc</artifactId>
<version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
<version>${apache-httpclient.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache Http End -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<!-- Compiler 插件, 設定 JDK 版本 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>${java.version}</source>
<target>${java.version}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
<showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<!-- 資源文件配置 -->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<excludes>
<exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
</excludes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
</project>
全局配置文件
resources 目錄下創建全局配置文件，供後續調用
# JDBC jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.connectionURL=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=123456 # JDBC Pool jdbc.pool.init=1 jdbc.pool.minIdle=3 jdbc.pool.maxActive=20 # Web View Location web.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/views/ web.view.suffix=.jsp # Upload Size web.maxUploadSize=10485760
Spring 核心配置
resources 目錄下創建 spring-context.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 開啟 Spring 相關註解 --> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 使用 Annotation 自動註冊 Bean, 並且隻掃描 @Controller --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置事務管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean> <!-- 開啟事務註解驅動 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>
整合 Spring MVC
創建 spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 加載配置屬性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:ssm.properties"/>
<!-- 使用 Annotation 自動註冊 Bean,隻掃描 @Controller -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.controller" use-default-filters="false">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 默認的註解映射的支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 定義視圖文件解析 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="${web.view.prefix}"/>
<property name="suffix" value="${web.view.suffix}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 靜態資源映射 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/static/" cache-period="31536000"/>
<!-- 攔截器配置 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 攔截登錄 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/login" />
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/static/**" />
<bean class="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 上傳文件攔截，設置最大上傳文件大小 10M = 10*1024*1024(B) = 10485760 bytes -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="${web.maxUploadSize}"/>
</bean>
</beans>
MyBatis 配置
創建 mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 全局參數 --> <settings> <!-- 打印 SQL 語句 --> <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /> <!-- 使全局的映射器啟用或禁用緩存。 --> <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="false"/> <!-- 全局啟用或禁用延遲加載。當禁用時，所有關聯對象都會即時加載。 --> <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/> <!-- 當啟用時，有延遲加載屬性的對象在被調用時將會完全加載任意屬性。否則，每種屬性將會按需要加載。 --> <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/> <!-- 是否允許單條 SQL 返回多個數據集 (取決於驅動的兼容性) default:true --> <setting name="multipleResultSetsEnabled" value="true"/> <!-- 是否可以使用列的別名 (取決於驅動的兼容性) default:true --> <setting name="useColumnLabel" value="true"/> <!-- 允許 JDBC 生成主鍵。需要驅動器支持。如果設為瞭 true，這個設置將強制使用被生成的主鍵，有一些驅動器不兼容不過仍然可以執行。 default:false --> <setting name="useGeneratedKeys" value="false"/> <!-- 指定 MyBatis 如何自動映射 數據基表的列 NONE：不映射 PARTIAL：部分 FULL:全部 --> <setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/> <!-- 這是默認的執行類型 （SIMPLE: 簡單； REUSE: 執行器可能重復使用prepared statements語句；BATCH: 執行器可以重復執行語句和批量更新） --> <setting name="defaultExecutorType" value="SIMPLE"/> <!-- 使用駝峰命名法轉換字段。 --> <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/> <!-- 設置本地緩存范圍 session:就會有數據的共享 statement:語句范圍 (這樣就不會有數據的共享 ) defalut:session --> <setting name="localCacheScope" value="SESSION"/> <!-- 設置 JDBC 類型為空時,某些驅動程序 要指定值, default:OTHER，插入空值時不需要指定類型 --> <setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="NULL"/> </settings> </configuration>
整合 Druid
resources 目錄下創建 spring-context-druid.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 加載配置屬性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:ssm.properties"/>
<!-- 數據源配置, 使用 Druid 數據庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<!-- 數據源驅動類可不寫，Druid默認會自動根據URL識別DriverClass -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/>
<!-- 基本屬性 url、user、password -->
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.connectionURL}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.pool.init}"/>
<property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.pool.minIdle}"/>
<property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.pool.maxActive}"/>
<!-- 配置獲取連接等待超時的時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="60000"/>
<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測，檢測需要關閉的空閑連接，單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000"/>
<!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間，單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000"/>
<!-- 配置監控統計攔截的filters -->
<property name="filters" value="stat"/>
</bean>
</beans>
整合 MyBatis
resources 目錄下創建 spring-context-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!-- 配置 SqlSession --> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <!-- 用於配置對應實體類所在的包，多個 package 之間可以用 ',' 號分割 --> <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.entity"/> <!-- 用於配置對象關系映射配置文件所在目錄 --> <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:/mapper/**/*.xml"/> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis-config.xml"></property> </bean> <!-- 掃描 Mapper --> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"> <property name="basePackage" value="com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.dao" /> </bean> </beans>
日志配置
創建 log4j.properties 日志配置文件
log4j.rootLogger=error, stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n log4j.logger.com.ibatis = debug log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource = debug log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner = debug log4j.logger.com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug log4j.logger.com.pro.mapper =debug
web.xml
完整的 web.xml 配置如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1"> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/login</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-context*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
創建訪問視圖
在 webapp > WEB-INF > views 目錄下新建 index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head> <title>Index</title> </head> <body> <h1> Hello SSM </h1> </body> </html>
在 controller 目錄下創建 IndexController 類
package com.antoniopeng.hello.ssm.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/")
public String index() {
return "index";
}
}
部署到 Tomcat 服務器
點擊 Intellij IDEA 右上方 Add Configuration..
添加 Tomcat 本地服務器配置
配置下載好的 Tomcat 服務器
Tomcat8 官網下載地址
設置訪問端口號，默認 8080
將項目添加到 Tomcat 服務器
最後運行項目，訪問 http://localhost:8080/ 即可。
源碼地址：https://github.com/antoniopeng/ssm-example.git
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