PostgreSQL 實現子查詢返回多行的案例

作為一個表達式使用的子查詢返回瞭多列:

在查詢中,我們需要以第2條查詢語句作為第一條查詢語句的條件,但是第一條根據這個條件查詢出來是多個數據,這時候又需要保留多個數據,運用子查詢就會報錯,

以下就為解決這種多對多關系查詢,且沒有關聯關系的表的解決方案:

select c.rain_value,c.ad_nm from 
(
select *, json::json->t2.lon_lat as rain_value from actual_time_model_json t1,
(SELECT DISTINCT lon || '_' || lat as lon_lat,ad_nm from grid_all_points_null)t2 where section='0' and t1.filename = 'Z_NWGD_C_BCCD_20180711022009_P_RFFC_SPCC-ER01_201807110800_02401.GRB2'
)c where c.rain_value is not null

補充:PostgreSQL 的子查詢 相關的知識 ,exists,any,all

Subquery

SELECT
 film_id,
 title,
 rental_rate
FROM
 film
WHERE
 rental_rate > (
  SELECT
   AVG (rental_rate)
  FROM
   film
 );

有瞭子查詢,在設定 需要查詢表才能得到 查詢條件時,就可以 直接 在一條語句中 寫,不用分開多條寫瞭,方便瞭許多。

子查詢返回多條時,可以在 where 子句中 用 IN,來匹配查詢條件。

SELECT
 film_id,
 title
FROM
 film
WHERE
 film_id IN (
  SELECT
   inventory.film_id
  FROM
   rental
  INNER JOIN inventory ON inventory.inventory_id = rental.inventory_id
  WHERE
   return_date BETWEEN '2005-05-29'
  AND '2005-05-30'
 );

EXISTS 操作符

在 where 子句的 查詢條件中,exists 操作符,會在子查詢有返回行時,返回true;不論返回幾行。

因此,子查詢中的查詢字段僅寫1就好;標準的寫法:EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM tbl WHERE condition)

SELECT
 first_name,
 last_name
FROM
 customer
WHERE
 EXISTS (
  SELECT
   1
  FROM
   payment
  WHERE
   payment.customer_id = customer.customer_id
 );

NO EXISTS ,與之相反,當子查詢返回0行時,返回true

SELECT first_name,
  last_name
FROM customer c
WHERE NOT EXISTS
 (SELECT 1
  FROM payment p
  WHERE p.customer_id = c.customer_id
  AND amount > 11 )
ORDER BY first_name,
   last_name;

當子查詢返回 NULL,會返回true, 也就是返回所有行。

SELECT
 first_name,
 last_name
FROM
 customer
WHERE
 EXISTS( SELECT NULL )
ORDER BY
 first_name,
 last_name;

ANY

與任何子查詢返回的 值 匹配就 返回 true

expresion operator ANY(subquery)

表達式一般為 字段

操作符為 >,<,=,<>,>=,<=

ANY 可以與 SOME 替換

子查詢 返回的 必須是 一列,

SELECT title
FROM film
WHERE length >= ANY(
 SELECT MAX( length )
 FROM film
 INNER JOIN film_category USING(film_id)
 GROUP BY category_id );

The = ANY is equivalent to IN operator.

Note that the <> ANY operator is different from NOT IN. The following expression:

x <> ANY (a,b,c) 

is equivalent to

x <> a OR x <> b OR x <> c

ALL

所有子查詢返回的值 匹配 則 返回 true

也就是 大於最大,小於最小

SELECT
 film_id,
 title,
 length
FROM
 film
WHERE
 length > ALL (
   SELECT
    ROUND(AVG (length),2)
   FROM
    film
   GROUP BY
    rating
 )
ORDER BY
 length;

以上為個人經驗,希望能給大傢一個參考,也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教。

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