python趣味挑戰之爬取天氣與微博熱搜並自動發給微信好友

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一、系統環境

1.python 3.8.2

2.webdriver(用於驅動edge)

3.微信電腦版

4.windows10

二、爬取中國天氣網

因為中國天氣網的網頁是動態生成的，所以不能直接爬取到數據，需要先使用webdriver打開網頁並渲染完成，然後保存網頁源代碼，使用beautifulsoup分析數據。爬取的數據包括實時溫度、最高溫度與最低溫度、污染狀況、風向和濕度、紫外線狀況、穿衣指南八項數據。

def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg():
	HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml'
	driver=webdriver.Edge()
	driver.get(HTML1)
	soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
	
	#獲取實時溫度
	tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string
	#獲取最高溫度與最低溫度
	maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string
	mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string
	#獲取污染狀況
	poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string
	#獲取風向和濕度
	win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string
	humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string
	#獲取紫外線狀況
	sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string
	#獲取穿衣指南
	cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string

	HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml'
	driver.get(HTML2)
	soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
	#獲取天氣情況
	wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string
	weatherContent='實時溫度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日溫度變化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天氣：'+wea+'\n'+'當前風向：'+win+'\n'+'相對濕度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外線：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指數：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'註意天氣變化！！'
	driver.quit()
	return weatherContent

三、爬取微博熱搜

相比於中國天氣網，微博熱搜要簡單很多，直接request得到數據包，然後使用beautiful解析。解析數據後用for循環便利50次保存文本。

def getWeibo():
	url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary'
	headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'}
	r=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
	r.raise_for_status()
	r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
	soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
	tr=soup.find_all('tr')
	weiboContent='今日微博熱榜：'+'\n'
	for i in range(2,52):
		text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string
		weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n'
	return weiboContent

四、微信自動發送消息

使用win32gui自動化操作發送微信消息，首先使用微信的窗口名找到微信句柄，然後模擬鍵鼠搜索聯系人，打開聯系人窗口，發送消息並關閉窗口。同時發送多個聯系人時可以直接重復這幾步操作

if __name__=="__main__":
	target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53']
	target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54']
	name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B']
	while True:
		now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
		print(now)
		if now[-5:] in target_a:
			base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg()
			weiboContent=getWeibo()
		if now[-5:] in target_b:
			hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信')
			win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW)
			win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True)
			time.sleep(1)
			for name in name_list:
				movePos(28,147)
				click()
				#2.移動鼠標到搜索框，單擊，輸入要搜索的名字
				movePos(148,35)
				click()
				time.sleep(1)
				setText(name)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)  # 等待聯系人搜索成功
				enter()
				time.sleep(1)
				now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
				weatherContent='現在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent
				setText(weatherContent)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)
				altS()
				time.sleep(1)
				setText(weiboContent)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)
				altS()
				time.sleep(1)
			win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0)
		time.sleep(60)

五、源代碼

import win32clipboard as w
import win32con
import win32api
import win32gui
import ctypes
import time
import requests
from urllib.request import urlopen
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from selenium import webdriver

#把文字放入剪貼板
def setText(aString):
	w.OpenClipboard()
	w.EmptyClipboard()
	w.SetClipboardData(win32con.CF_UNICODETEXT,aString)
	w.CloseClipboard()
	
#模擬ctrl+V
def ctrlV():
	win32api.keybd_event(17,0,0,0) #ctrl
	win32api.keybd_event(86,0,0,0) #V
	win32api.keybd_event(86,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)#釋放按鍵
	win32api.keybd_event(17,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
	
#模擬alt+s
def altS():
	win32api.keybd_event(18,0,0,0)
	win32api.keybd_event(83,0,0,0)
	win32api.keybd_event(83,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
	win32api.keybd_event(18,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
# 模擬enter
def enter():
	win32api.keybd_event(13,0,0,0)
	win32api.keybd_event(13,0,win32con.KEYEVENTF_KEYUP,0)
#模擬單擊
def click():
	win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN, 0, 0, 0, 0)
	win32api.mouse_event(win32con.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0)
#移動鼠標的位置
def movePos(x,y):
	win32api.SetCursorPos((x,y))

def getZZWeatherAndSendMsg():
	HTML1='http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1dn/101190201.shtml'
	driver=webdriver.Edge()
	driver.get(HTML1)
	soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
	
	#獲取實時溫度
	tem=soup.find('span',class_='temp').string
	#獲取最高溫度與最低溫度
	maxtem=soup.find('span',id='maxTemp').string
	mintem=soup.find('span',id='minTemp').string
	#獲取污染狀況
	poll=soup.find('a',href='http://www.weather.com.cn/air/?city=101190201').string
	#獲取風向和濕度
	win=soup.find('span',id='wind').string
	humidity=soup.find('span',id='humidity').string
	#獲取紫外線狀況
	sun=soup.find('div',class_='lv').find('em').string
	#獲取穿衣指南
	cloth=soup.find('dl',id='cy').find('dd').string

	HTML2='http://www.weather.com.cn/weathern/101190201.shtml'
	driver.get(HTML2)
	soup=BeautifulSoup(driver.page_source,'html5lib')
	#獲取天氣情況
	wea=soup.find_all('p',class_='weather-info')[1].string
	weatherContent='實時溫度：'+tem+'℃'+'\n'+'今日溫度變化：'+mintem+'~'+maxtem+'\n'+'今日天氣：'+wea+'\n'+'當前風向：'+win+'\n'+'相對濕度：'+humidity+'\n'+'紫外線：'+sun+'\n'+'污染指數：'+poll+'\n'+'穿衣指南:'+cloth+'\n'+'註意天氣變化！！'
	driver.quit()
	return weatherContent

def getWeibo():
	url='https://s.weibo.com/top/summary'
	headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.41'}
	r=requests.get(url,headers=headers)
	r.raise_for_status()
	r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
	soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
	tr=soup.find_all('tr')
	weiboContent='今日微博熱榜：'+'\n'
	for i in range(2,52):
		text=tr[i].find('td',class_='td-02').find('a').string
		weiboContent=weiboContent+str(i-1)+'"'+text+'"'+'\n'
	return weiboContent

if __name__=="__main__":
	target_a=['06:55','11:55','19:53']
	target_b=['07:00','12:00','19:54']
	name_list=['Squirrel B','Squirrel B']
	while True:
		now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
		print(now)
		if now[-5:] in target_a:
			base_weatherContent=getZZWeatherAndSendMsg()
			weiboContent=getWeibo()
		if now[-5:] in target_b:
			hwnd=win32gui.FindWindow("WeChatMainWndForPC", '微信')
			win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd,win32con.SW_SHOW)
			win32gui.MoveWindow(hwnd,0,0,1000,700,True)
			time.sleep(1)
			for name in name_list:
				movePos(28,147)
				click()
				#2.移動鼠標到搜索框，單擊，輸入要搜索的名字
				movePos(148,35)
				click()
				time.sleep(1)
				setText(name)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)  # 等待聯系人搜索成功
				enter()
				time.sleep(1)
				now=time.strftime("%m月%d日%H:%M",time.localtime())
				weatherContent='現在是'+now+'\n'+base_weatherContent
				setText(weatherContent)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)
				altS()
				time.sleep(1)
				setText(weiboContent)
				ctrlV()
				time.sleep(1)
				altS()
				time.sleep(1)
			win32gui.PostMessage(hwnd, win32con.WM_CLOSE, 0, 0)
		time.sleep(60)

六、運行效果

在這裡插入圖片描述

七、總結

  • 爬取中國天氣網數據
  • 爬取微博熱搜
  • 自動發送微信消息
  • 打包為exe並寫個簡單的GUI
  • 寫的比較簡單，不過也夠用瞭，也懶得繼續寫下去瞭，希望可以供大傢參考.

github地址 https://github.com/gudu12306/auto_for_wechat

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