詳解Spring ApplicationContext加載過程
1、找準入口,使用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的構造方法加載配置文件,用於加載classPath下的配置文件
//第一行,執行完成之後就完成瞭spring配置文件的加載,刷新spring上下文 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "classpath:spring-mvc.xml"); //獲取實例Bean Person person=context.getBean("person",Person.class);
2、ClassPathXmlApplicationContext構造方法源碼如下:
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, ApplicationContext parent) throws BeansException { //設置父級的ApplicationContext,null super(parent); //1.設置配置文件的路徑, 2. 將路徑中的占位符${placeholder}使用系統的變量替換 setConfigLocations(configLocations); if (refresh) { refresh(); } }
3、主要方法為setConfigLocation(configLocation),這個方法調用其父類AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext中的方法
//locations : 配置文件路徑 public void setConfigLocations(String[] locations) { if (locations != null) { //斷言 Assert.noNullElements(locations, "Config locations must not be null"); //存儲配置文件路徑的數組,存儲去掉占位符後的文件路徑數組 this.configLocations = new String[locations.length]; //遍歷locations,解析占位符 for (int i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) { //調用resolvePath解析占位符 this.configLocations[i] = resolvePath(locations[i]).trim(); } } else { this.configLocations = null; } }
4、進入resovePath的源碼,實際上執行的是AbstractPropertyResolver的doResolverPlaceholders方法
/** * text : 需要解析的路徑 * PropertyPlaceholderHelper : 這個是解析系統占位符的輔助類,主要用來將占位符替換成系統的環境變量 */ private String doResolvePlaceholders(String text, PropertyPlaceholderHelper helper) { //調用PropertyPlaceholderHelper類中的replacePlaceholders方法 return helper.replacePlaceholders(text, new PropertyPlaceholderHelper.PlaceholderResolver() { public String resolvePlaceholder(String placeholderName) { return getPropertyAsRawString(placeholderName); } }); }
5、進入PropertyHelper的replacePlaceholder方法,實際上調用PropertyPlaceholderHelper的parseStringValue解析占位符
public String replacePlaceholders(String value, PlaceholderResolver placeholderResolver) { Assert.notNull(value, "Argument 'value' must not be null."); //調用的是parseStringValue方法 return parseStringValue(value, placeholderResolver, new HashSet<String>()); } /** * strVal : 需要解析的字符串,就是配置文件的路徑 * placeholderResolver : 策略接口,占位符解析器 * visitedPlaceholders : 存儲已經訪問過的占位符 **/ protected String parseStringValue( String strVal, PlaceholderResolver placeholderResolver, Set<String> visitedPlaceholders) { //將strval轉換成StringBuilder,便於後續到操作 StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(strVal); //this.placeholderPrefix這個是占位符的前綴 ${,在創建PropertyHelper的時候就已經指定瞭占位符的placeholderPrefix="${" ,placeholderSuffix="}",valueSeparator=":" //獲取前綴在這個配置文件路徑中的開始索引 int startIndex = strVal.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix); while (startIndex != -1) { //占位符前綴在路徑中的結束索引 int endIndex = findPlaceholderEndIndex(buf, startIndex); //如果結束索引存在 if (endIndex != -1) { //此時取出${plcaeholder}中的占位符內容placeholder String placeholder = buf.substring(startIndex + this.placeholderPrefix.length(), endIndex); //保存取出來的占位符內容placeholder String originalPlaceholder = placeholder; //如果占位符中的內容已經被訪問過瞭,拋出出異常返回,遞歸結束的條件 if (!visitedPlaceholders.add(originalPlaceholder)) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Circular placeholder reference '" + originalPlaceholder + "' in property definitions"); } //遞歸解析已經取出的占位符中的內容 palceholder placeholder = parseStringValue(placeholder, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders); //這個最重要的一步,將解析占位符內容placeholder的值,比如將java.version轉換成1.8.0_60 String propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(placeholder); if (propVal == null && this.valueSeparator != null) { int separatorIndex = placeholder.indexOf(this.valueSeparator); if (separatorIndex != -1) { String actualPlaceholder = placeholder.substring(0, separatorIndex); String defaultValue = placeholder.substring(separatorIndex + this.valueSeparator.length()); propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(actualPlaceholder); if (propVal == null) { propVal = defaultValue; } } } //如果解析出來的占位符不為空,比如${java.version}將被解析成 1.8.0_60 if (propVal != null) { //此時繼續遞歸解析出1.8.0_60中的占位符 propVal = parseStringValue(propVal, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders); //將路徑中的占位符替換成系統變量的值,比如將${java.version} 替換成 1.8.0_60 buf.replace(startIndex, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length(), propVal); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Resolved placeholder '" + placeholder + "'"); } //繼續在路徑字符串中剩餘的子串中查找占位符,如果有占位符,那麼還會繼續解析占位符 startIndex = buf.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, startIndex + propVal.length()); } else if (this.ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders) { // Proceed with unprocessed value. startIndex = buf.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length()); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not resolve placeholder '" + placeholder + "'" + " in string value \"" + strVal + "\""); } //將已轉換成功的占位符從以訪問的集合中移除即可 visitedPlaceholders.remove(originalPlaceholder); } else { startIndex = -1; } } return buf.toString(); //將解析完成之後的配置文件返回 }
6、然後是ClassPathXmlApplicationContext中的refresh方法,實際上調用的是父類AbstractApplicationContext的方法
//刷新spring上下文 public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { //在刷新之前設置一些參數,比如設置開始時間戳,上下文是否激活的標志,輸出刷新上下文的信息,驗證一些必要的屬性 prepareRefresh(); //需要創建beanFactory,如果已經存在beanFactory,那麼關閉,詳細其請看 10 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); // 準備上下文工廠,詳情見12 prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { //允許子類向後置處理器添加組件 postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); // 調用BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanDefintionRegistoryPostProcessor這兩個後置處理器 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); // 註冊BeanPostProcessor,用來攔截bean的創建,詳情見 14 registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); //初始化消息源 initMessageSource(); // 初始化應用程序事件廣播器,用戶可以自定義一個事件廣播器,如果用戶沒有定義,那麼使用默認的事件廣播器SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster initApplicationEventMulticaster(); // 在其他子類中初始化bean onRefresh(); // 檢測事件監聽器 registerListeners(); //完成實例化剩餘的單例(non-lazy-init) finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); // 完成刷新,初始化生命周期處理器...... finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) { // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources. destroyBeans(); // Reset 'active' flag. cancelRefresh(ex); // Propagate exception to caller. throw ex; } } }
7、進入obtainFreshBeanFactory方法
//AbastractApplicationContext的方法 protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() { //實際刷新上下文的方法,這個方法就是實際的刷新上下文方法,其中會調用loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);加載配置文件中的內容到BeanDefiniton中 refreshBeanFactory(); ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory(); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory); } return beanFactory; } //org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext中的方法 //AbstractApplicationContext的子類中的方法 @Override protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException { //如果其中有beanfactory,那麼銷毀 if (hasBeanFactory()) { destroyBeans(); closeBeanFactory(); } try { //重新創建一個beanFactory DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory(); //設置序列化id beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId()); //定制beanFactory,設置相關屬性,包括是否允許覆蓋名稱的不同定義的對象及循環依賴以及 //設置@Autowired和@Qualifier,註解解析器QualifierAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory); //加載BeanDefine 詳情見 11 loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory); synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) { this.beanFactory = beanFactory; } } catch (IOException ex) { throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex); } }
8、進入loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory)方法
//這個是org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext類中的方法 protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException { //創建要給beanDefinitionReader,用於讀取BeanDefinition XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory); //配置XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment()); beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this); beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this)); initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader); //加載BeanDefiniton,主要的功能從配置文件中讀取BeanDefiniton註冊到註冊表中 loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader); }
9、prepareBeanFactory:準備BeanFactory
//準備BeanFactory,設置一些參數,比如後置處理器, protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { //設置類加載器 beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader()); //設置表達式解析器,用來解析BeanDefiniton中的帶有表達式的值 beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader())); beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment())); // 配置後置處理器,主要的作用就是在spring實例化bean的前後做一些操作 beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this)); //忽略自動裝配的類,這些類都不能使用@Resource或者@Autowired自動裝配獲取對象 beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class); //註冊可解析的自動裝配類 beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this); //在添加一個應用程序監聽器 beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this)); //檢查這些類是否被 if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory)); beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader())); } // 將下面這些類註冊到容器中,使用registerSingleton方法註冊,我們可以直接從容器中獲取這些類的對象使用 if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment()); } if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties()); } if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment()); } }
10、調用BeanFactory的後置處理器,主要的功能就是調用註冊在容器中的BeanFactoryPostProcessor和BeanDefinitionRegistoryPostProcessor
//實例化和調用BeanFactory後置處理器,必須在單例實例化之前調用 protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { //調用後置處理器註冊委托類的方法調用,getBeanFactoryPostProcessors用於獲取註冊的全部的BeanFactoryPostProcessor PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors()); } //實際的調用方法,PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中的方法 public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors( ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) { // Invoke BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors first, if any. Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<String>(); //如果beanFactory是BeanDefinitionRegistry的子類,BeanDefinitionRegistry使用來向註冊表中註冊Bean的元信息的(BeanDefintion) if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) { BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory; //存放BeanFactoryPostProcessor List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new LinkedList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>(); //存放BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryPostProcessors = new LinkedList<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor>(); //遍歷。判斷是否是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor實例 for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) { if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) { BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryPostProcessor = (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor; //調用BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry); //添加 registryPostProcessors.add(registryPostProcessor); } else { //表示這個是BeanFactoryPostProcessor實例,添加進集合 regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor); } } //--- 根據類型類型獲取beanFactory中註冊的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的bean的所有名稱數組 String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); // ---- 首先調用的是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor類型的後置處理器 //存放實現PriorityOrdered這個接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor>(); //遍歷,如果實現瞭PriorityOrdered這個接口就保存下來 for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class)); processedBeans.add(ppName); } } //按照優先級排序 OrderComparator.sort(priorityOrderedPostProcessors); //添加進入集合 registryPostProcessors.addAll(priorityOrderedPostProcessors); //首先調用實現PriorityOrdered這個接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, registry); // ---- 下面是調用實現Orderd這個接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor>(); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class)); processedBeans.add(ppName); } } OrderComparator.sort(orderedPostProcessors); registryPostProcessors.addAll(orderedPostProcessors); invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, registry); // ---- 最終調用剩餘全部的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor boolean reiterate = true; while (reiterate) { reiterate = false; postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) { BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class); registryPostProcessors.add(pp); processedBeans.add(ppName); pp.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry); reiterate = true; } } } // 調用BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口中的方法,因為BeanDefitionRegistory繼承瞭這個接口 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryPostProcessors, beanFactory); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory); } else { // Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory); } //--- 下面是調用實現BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口的類,和上面的流程一樣 String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false); // Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered, // Ordered, and the rest. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>(); List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>(); List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>(); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) { // skip - already processed in first phase above } else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } else { nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } } // First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered. OrderComparator.sort(priorityOrderedPostProcessors); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>(); for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) { orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } OrderComparator.sort(orderedPostProcessors); invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); // Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors. List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanFactoryPostProcessor>(); for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) { nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class)); } invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory); }
11、註冊BeanPostProcessor,用來攔截Bean的創建,這個接口可以實現在Bean初始化和初始化之後執行相關的操作
//依然這裡依然調用的PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate,其中包含瞭註冊後置處理器和調用後置處理器的方法,相當於一個代理人 protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this); } //PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate中的註冊BeanPostProcessors的方法 //其中beanFactory這個新創建的beanFactory,其中的BeanPostProcessor都沒有註冊,applicationContext這個是之前創建的,其中的處理器已經註冊過瞭 public static void registerBeanPostProcessors( ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) { //根據類型新加載全部的BeanFactoryProcessor的類, String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false); //創建BeanPostProcessor檢測器 int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length; beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount)); // Separate between BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered, // Ordered, and the rest. List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanPostProcessor>(); List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanPostProcessor>(); List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>(); List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<String>(); for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) { if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp); if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) { orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } else { nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName); } } // First, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered. OrderComparator.sort(priorityOrderedPostProcessors); registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors); // Next, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement Ordered. List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanPostProcessor>(); for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); orderedPostProcessors.add(pp); if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } OrderComparator.sort(orderedPostProcessors); registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors); // Now, register all regular BeanPostProcessors. List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<BeanPostProcessor>(); for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) { BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class); nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp); if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) { internalPostProcessors.add(pp); } } registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors); // Finally, re-register all internal BeanPostProcessors. OrderComparator.sort(internalPostProcessors); registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors); beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext)); }
以上就是詳解Spring ApplicationContext加載過程的詳細內容,更多關於Spring ApplicationContext加載過程的資料請關註WalkonNet其它相關文章!
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