Rstudio中安裝package出現的問題及解決
Rstudio中安裝package問題
一、 install.packages(‘REmap’)無法安裝package：錯誤：“無法與服務器建立連接”
解決方式：切換下載的鏡像
方法一：在Rstudio菜單欄：tools-global options-packages中切換下載的鏡像
方法二：修改文件，在安裝文件夾中找到Rprofile.site文件，我的路徑是D:\Program Files\R\R-3.4.1\etc，用記事本打開，在裡面添加語句：
# set a CRAN mirror
local({r <- getOption(“repos”)
r[“CRAN”] <- “http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/”
options(repos=r)}
二、手動安裝package
在網站：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/下載好需要的package
1.在R studio下，選擇packages
2.選擇Install
3.Install from欄選擇Package Archive File(.zip;.tar.gz)
4.Package archive欄點擊Browser，選擇剛才下載的文件
5.點擊Install，進行安裝
致此，手動安裝R包完成。安裝提示如下
推薦第一種安裝方式：因為第一種安裝方式會自動安裝依賴的包，而第二種方式，除瞭下載你想安裝的包還要下載所有依賴的包，這就有一定的難度瞭。
補充：Rstudio安裝packages時報錯，原因可能是這樣
最近接觸R語言，安裝好Rstudio後，需要安裝R的第三方包mirt。
執行步驟如下：
正當滿心歡喜地期待包的安裝時，結果出現瞭下面的情況：
install.packages("mirt")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:
https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/likailei/Documents/R/win-library/3.6'
(as ‘lib' is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/PACKAGES'
Warning in install.packages :
package ‘mirt' is not available (for R version 3.6.0)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6:
cannot open URL 'https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/PACKAGES'
什麼鬼？！
此處省略5000字的辛苦排錯的歷程描述，直接貼上解決方案：
Rstudio默認使用的國外鏡像源，國內無法正常訪問。
Rstudio設置如下
Tools>global options>packages
更改鏡像源後，重新執行安裝操作。
install.packages("mirt")
WARNING: Rtools is required to build R packages but is not currently installed. Please download and install the appropriate version of Rtools before proceeding:
https://cran.rstudio.com/bin/windows/Rtools/
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/likailei/Documents/R/win-library/3.6'
(as ‘lib' is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘permute', ‘GPArotation', ‘Rcpp', ‘vegan', ‘Deriv', ‘dcurver', ‘RcppArmadillo'
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/permute_0.9-5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 505181 bytes (493 KB)
downloaded 493 KB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/GPArotation_2014.11-1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 162104 bytes (158 KB)
downloaded 158 KB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Rcpp_1.0.1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 4494896 bytes (4.3 MB)
downloaded 4.3 MB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/vegan_2.5-5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 3861520 bytes (3.7 MB)
downloaded 3.7 MB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/Deriv_3.8.5.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 133828 bytes (130 KB)
downloaded 130 KB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/dcurver_0.9.1.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 639915 bytes (624 KB)
downloaded 624 KB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/RcppArmadillo_0.9.400.3.0.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2276463 bytes (2.2 MB)
downloaded 2.2 MB
trying URL 'https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/CRAN/bin/windows/contrib/3.6/mirt_1.30.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 2572772 bytes (2.5 MB)
downloaded 2.5 MB
package ‘permute' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘GPArotation' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘Rcpp' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘vegan' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘Deriv' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘dcurver' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘RcppArmadillo' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
package ‘mirt' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
完美！！！
以上為個人經驗，希望能給大傢一個參考，也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教。
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