SpringBoot整合RocketMQ實現消息發送和接收的詳細步驟
我們使用主流的SpringBoot框架整合RocketMQ來講解,使用方便快捷;
最終項目結構如下:
具體步驟如下:
第一步:新建SpringBoot項目rocketmq-test
,引入rocketmq依賴,以及項目配置
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency>
完整pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.5.4</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.java1234</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>rocketmq-test</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.2.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
另外我們項目配置文件需要指定nameserver地址,以及消息生產者和消息消費者組;
所以配置application.yml
:
rocketmq: name-server: 127.0.0.1:9876 producer: group: producer-demo1 consumer: group: consumer-demo1
第二步:新建消息生產者Service類ProducerService
package com.java1234.rocketmq; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 消息生產者 * @author java1234_小鋒 * @site www.java1234.com * @company 南通小鋒網絡科技有限公司 * @create 2021-08-22 22:16 */ @Component("producerService") public class ProducerService { @Autowired private RocketMQTemplate rocketMQTemplate; /** * 發送簡單消息 */ public void sendMessage(){ for(int i=0;i<1000;i++){ rocketMQTemplate.convertAndSend("java1234-rocketmq","rocketmq大爺,你好!"+i); } } }
SpringBoot給我們提供瞭RocketMQTemplate
模板類,我們利用這個類可以以多種形式發送消息;
另外這個類我們要加下@Component
註解,讓Spring來管理實例,方便其他地方獲取bean來使用;
發送方法指定Topic主題java1234-rocketmq
;
第三步:啟動類獲取ProducerService
實例,調用發送消息方法
package com.java1234; import com.java1234.rocketmq.ProducerService; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext; @SpringBootApplication public class RocketmqTestApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ConfigurableApplicationContext run = SpringApplication.run(RocketmqTestApplication.class, args); ProducerService producerService = (ProducerService) run.getBean("producerService"); producerService.sendMessage(); } }
我們獲取ProducerService
實例,調用sendMessage
方法發送消息;
第四步:新建消息消費者Service類ConsumerService
,監聽消息,消費消息
package com.java1234.rocketmq; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.annotation.RocketMQMessageListener; import org.apache.rocketmq.spring.core.RocketMQListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * 消息消費者 * @author java1234_小鋒 * @site www.java1234.com * @company 南通小鋒網絡科技有限公司 * @create 2021-08-22 22:40 */ @RocketMQMessageListener(topic = "java1234-rocketmq",consumerGroup ="${rocketmq.consumer.group}" ) @Component public class ConsumerService implements RocketMQListener<String> { @Override public void onMessage(String s) { System.out.println("收到消息內容:"+s); } }
消費者類要實現RocketMQListener
接口,以及動態指定消息類型String。
類上要加上**@RocketMQMessageListener**註解,指定topic主題java1234-rocketmq
,以及消費者組${rocketmq.consumer.group}
同樣這個類上也要加上@Component
註解,讓Spring來管理bean實例;
第五步:再次啟動,測試消息消費
測試OK,成功消費!
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