logback配置中變量和include的應用方式
logback配置中變量和include的應用
logback配置在實際應用中往往會遇到appender的配置中存在大量的重復內容,但是logback又不像編程語言一樣支持繼承,采用include和變量結合可以一定程度上解決這個問題。
Example:
<appender class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender" name=WarnLogFile"> <encoder> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <pattern>%d{dd.MMM.yyyy HH:mm:ss.SSS z}, [%6t], %6p, %C:%M %m%n</pattern> </encoder> <file>${LOGS_DIR}/warn.log</file> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <maxFileSize>40MB</maxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy"> <fileNamePattern>${LOGS_DIR}/warn%i.log.gz</fileNamePattern> <minIndex>1</minIndex> <maxIndex>21</maxIndex> </rollingPolicy> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender" name="Warn"> <queueSize>2048</queueSize> <includeCallerData>true</includeCallerData> <discardingThreshold>0</discardingThreshold> <appender-ref ref="WarnLogFile" /> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> <level>WARN</level> </filter> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender" name="InfoLogFile"> <encoder> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <pattern>%d{dd.MMM.yyyy HH:mm:ss.SSS z}, [%6t], %6p, %C:%M %m%n</pattern> </encoder> <file>${LOGS_DIR}/info.log</file> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy"> <fileNamePattern>${LOGS_DIR}/info%i.log.gz</fileNamePattern> <minIndex>1</minIndex> <maxIndex>21</maxIndex> </rollingPolicy> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender" name="info"> <queueSize>2048</queueSize> <includeCallerData>true</includeCallerData> <discardingThreshold>0</discardingThreshold> <appender-ref ref="infoLogFile" /> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> <level>INFO</level> </filter> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender" name="DebugLogFile"> <encoder> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <pattern>%d{dd.MMM.yyyy HH:mm:ss.SSS z}, [%6t], %6p, %C:%M %m%n</pattern> </encoder> <file>${LOGS_DIR}/debug.log</file> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <maxFileSize>5MB</maxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy"> <fileNamePattern>${LOGS_DIR}/debug%i.log.gz</fileNamePattern> <minIndex>1</minIndex> <maxIndex>21</maxIndex> </rollingPolicy> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender" name="Debug"> <queueSize>2048</queueSize> <includeCallerData>true</includeCallerData> <discardingThreshold>0</discardingThreshold> <appender-ref ref="DebugLogFile" /> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> <level>DEBUG</level> </filter> </appender>
可以看到以上的三個定義存在大量的重復內容會導致logback文件很大,不容易維護,結合變量和include則可以一定程度上解決這個問題。
首先把配置內容抽取一個公共文件default.xml
把不同的內容用變量定義:
<included> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender" name="${FILE_APPENDER}"> <encoder> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <pattern>%d{dd.MMM.yyyy HH:mm:ss.SSS z}, [%6t], %6p, %C:%M %m%n</pattern> </encoder> <file>${LOGS_DIR}/${LOGFILE}.log</file> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <maxFileSize>5MB</maxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy"> <fileNamePattern>${LOGS_DIR}/${LOGFILE}%i.log.gz</fileNamePattern> <minIndex>1</minIndex> <maxIndex>21</maxIndex> </rollingPolicy> </appender> <appender class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender" name="${ASYNC_APPENDER}"> <queueSize>2048</queueSize> <includeCallerData>true</includeCallerData> <discardingThreshold>0</discardingThreshold> <appender-ref ref="${FILE_APPENDER}" /> <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> <level>${LOG_LEVEL}</level> </filter> </appender> </included>
然後基於公共文件定義各自的配置
warn.xml:
<included> <property scope="local" name="LOGFILE" value="warn" /> <property scope="local" name="FILE_APPENDER" value="WarnLogFile" /> <property scope="local" name="ASYNC_APPENDER" value="warn" /> <property scope="local" name="LOG_LEVEL" value="WARN" /> <include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/default.xml"/> </included>
info.xml:
<included> <property scope="local" name="LOGFILE" value="info" /> <property scope="local" name="FILE_APPENDER" value="InfoLogFile" /> <property scope="local" name="ASYNC_APPENDER" value="info" /> <property scope="local" name="LOG_LEVEL" value="INFO" /> <include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/default.xml"/> </included>
debug.xml:
<included> <property scope="local" name="LOGFILE" value="debug" /> <property scope="local" name="FILE_APPENDER" value="DebugLogFile" /> <property scope="local" name="ASYNC_APPENDER" value="debug" /> <property scope="local" name="LOG_LEVEL" value="DEBUG" /> <include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/default.xml"/> </included>
最後在logback.xml中就可以include上面定義的文件
<include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/warn.xml"/> <include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/info.xml"/> <include file="${LOGS_CUSTOM_DIR}/debug.xml"/> <root level="DEBUG"> ... <appender-ref ref="warn"/> <appender-ref ref="info"/> <appender-ref ref="debug"/> </root>
logback.xml導入(include)其他項目配置的logback.xml文件
1、其他項目存在的logback.xml文件需要下面這種形式的配置
下面的這個配置文件的意思是定義瞭兩個appender,這兩個appender中名為ASYNC-LOG的appender是將com.xx.cloud.trail.client.async路徑下面產生的級別為error的日志進行收集,保存在定義的文件夾下面,另一個appender同理,如果這個logback.xml文件想在其他的項目中被引用那麼就需要用在iucluded標簽將定義的appender跟logger包圍起來,表示這個是可以被導入其他項目的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <included> <appender name="ASYNC_LOG" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <!--日志文件輸出的文件名--> <FileNamePattern>/var/log/xx/cloud/trail/async/error.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern> <MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory> </rollingPolicy> <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder"> <!-- 日志輸出編碼 --> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <!--格式化輸出:%d表示日期,%thread表示線程名,%-5level:級別從左顯示5個字符寬度%msg:日志消息,%n是換行符--> <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n </pattern> </layout> </encoder> <!--日志文件最大的大小--> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> </appender> <appender name="AOP_LOG" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <!--日志文件輸出的文件名--> <FileNamePattern>/var/log/xx/cloud/trail/aop/error.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern> <MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory> </rollingPolicy> <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder"> <!-- 日志輸出編碼 --> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <!--格式化輸出:%d表示日期,%thread表示線程名,%-5level:級別從左顯示5個字符寬度%msg:日志消息,%n是換行符--> <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n </pattern> </layout> </encoder> <!--日志文件最大的大小--> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> </appender> <!--需要將日志單獨輸出的包路徑--> <logger name="com.xx.cloud.trail.client.async" level="ERROR" additivity="false"> <appender-ref ref="ASYNC_LOG"/> </logger> <!--需要將日志單獨輸出的包路徑--> <logger name="com.xx.cloud.trail.client.aop" level="ERROR" additivity="false"> <appender-ref ref="AOP_LOG"/> </logger> </included>
2、其他項目的配置
假如1中的配置logback.xml文件的名稱為logback-trail.xml,那麼需要在其他的項目的logback.xml文件中加入一句
表示導入其他項目的logback文件,這樣就能將其他項目中的配置文件進行導入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- scan: 當此屬性設置為true時,配置文件如果發生改變,將會被重新加載,默認值為true。 scanPeriod: 設置監測配置文件是否有修改的時間間隔,如果沒有給出時間單位,默認單位是毫秒。當scan為true時,此屬性生效。默認的時間間隔為1分鐘。 debug: 當此屬性設置為true時,將打印出logback內部日志信息,實時查看logback運行狀態。默認值為false。 --> <configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="60 seconds" debug="false"> <include resource="logback-trail.xml"/> <!--配置日志輸出到的路徑--> <springProperty scop="context" name="logging.path" source="logging.path" defaultValue="logging-path-not-find"/> <property name="log.path" value="${logging.path}"/> <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> <encoder> <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger - %msg%n</pattern> </encoder> </appender> <appender name="TRAIL_LOG" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender"> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy"> <!--日志文件輸出的文件名--> <FileNamePattern>${logging.path}/trail/trail.log.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log</FileNamePattern> <MaxHistory>30</MaxHistory> </rollingPolicy> <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.LayoutWrappingEncoder"> <!-- 日志輸出編碼 --> <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout"> <!--格式化輸出:%d表示日期,%thread表示線程名,%-5level:級別從左顯示5個字符寬度%msg:日志消息,%n是換行符--> <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n </pattern> </layout> </encoder> <!--日志文件最大的大小--> <triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy"> <MaxFileSize>10MB</MaxFileSize> </triggeringPolicy> </appender> <!-- 日志輸出級別 --> <root level="DEBUG"> <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/> <appender-ref ref="TRAIL_LOG"/> </root> </configuration>
以上為個人經驗,希望能給大傢一個參考,也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。
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