C#獲取微信小程序的雲數據庫中數據的示例代碼
0 背景說明
試水小程序,實現訪客登記,現有.NET程序需要獲取該小程序的數據
0.1 獲取AccessToken
調用絕大多數後臺接口時都需使用 access_token
參考小程序文檔:auth.getAccessToken
發送Get請求,獲取AccessToken
接口:
- https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET
參數:
- appid:小程序ID
- secret:註冊時產生的密鑰,可以重置
- 兩個參數信息可以在後臺->開發管理->開發設置->開發者設置中查看
返回值:
格式如下:
- access_token:獲取到的憑證
- expires_in:憑證的有效時間,單位:秒
{"access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN","expires_in":7200}
0.2 數據庫查詢
參考小程序文檔:databaseQuery
發送Post請求,獲取數據
接口:
- POST https://api.weixin.qq.com/tcb/databasequery?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
參數:
接口地址中加入AccessToken
請求參數:
- env:雲環境ID
- query:數據庫操作語句
格式如下:
{ "env":"小程序環境", "query": "db.collection(\"集合名稱\").where({done:true}).limit(10).skip(1).get()" }
query中應使用limit()限制單次拉取的數量,默認10條。
0.3 文件下載
參考小程序文檔:獲取文件下載鏈接
發送post請求獲取
接口:
- POST https://api.weixin.qq.com/tcb/batchdownloadfile?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN
參數:
- 接口地址中加入AccessToken
請求參數:
- env:雲環境ID
- file_list:文件列表
格式如下:
{ "env": "雲環境ID", "file_list": [ { "fileid":"文件ID", "max_age":7200 } ] }
2. 簡單的封裝
簡單的封裝瞭發送請求的方法
//需要添加的命名空間 using Newtonsoft.Json; using System.IO; /// <summary> /// 發送http Get請求 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static HttpWebResponse GetRequest(string url) { HttpWebRequest request = WebRequest.Create(url) as HttpWebRequest; request.Method = "GET"; request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";//鏈接類型 return request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse; } /// <summary> /// 發送http Post請求 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static HttpWebResponse PostRequest(string url, string messsage) { byte[] byteData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(messsage); HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); webRequest.Method = "POST"; webRequest.ContentType = "application/json;charset=UTF-8"; webRequest.ContentLength = byteData.Length; using (Stream stream = webRequest.GetRequestStream()) { stream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length); } HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse(); return response; } /// <summary> /// 從HttpWebResponse對象中提取響應的數據轉換為字符串 /// </summary> /// <param name="webresponse"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string HttpWebResponseToString(HttpWebResponse webresponse) { using (Stream s = webresponse.GetResponseStream()) { StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(s, Encoding.UTF8); return reader.ReadToEnd(); } } /// <summary> /// Json字符串轉為匿名對象 /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam> /// <param name="json"></param> /// <param name="anonymousTypeObject"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static T DesAnonymousType<T>(string json, T anonymousTypeObject) { return JsonConvert.DeserializeAnonymousType(json, anonymousTypeObject); }
3. 簡單測試
發送請求獲取數據
/// <summary> /// 獲取access_token /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetAccessToken() { // 通過Get請求獲取access_token HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = GetRequest("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credentiaappid=小程序ID&secret=小程序密鑰"); string resultJson = HttpWebResponseToString(httpWebResponse); var resultObj = DesAnonymousType(resultJson, new { access_token = "", expires_in = "" }); return resultObj.access_token; } /// <summary> /// 查詢數據 /// </summary> /// <param name="queryString">形如: $"{{\"env\":\"小程序環境id\", \"query\": \"db.collecti(\\\"數據集合名稱\\\").where({{集合中字段:\\\"集合中字段值\\\"}}).limit(10).get()\"}}"</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetData(string queryString) { string accessToken = GetAccessToken(); HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = PostRequest("https://api.weixin.qq.com/tcb/databasequery?access_token=" + accessTokenqueryString); string data = HttpWebResponseToString(httpWebResponse); return data; } /// <summary> /// 通過FileId獲取文件下載URL /// </summary> /// <param name="queryString">形如:$"{{\"env\": \"環境ID\",\"file_list\": [{{\"fileid\":文件ID\",\"max_age\":7200 }}]}}"</param> /// <returns></returns> public static string GetDownFileUrl(string queryString) { string accessToken = GetAccessToken(); string url = $"https://api.weixin.qq.com/tcb/batchdownloadfile?access_token={accessToken}"; HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = PostRequest(url, queryString); string downFileUrl = HttpWebResponseToString(httpWebResponse); return downFileUrl; }
4. 參考文檔
小程序官方文檔:雲開發->數據庫查詢記錄
小程序官方文檔:接口調用憑證->getAccessToken
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