Mybatis使用@one和@Many實現一對一及一對多關聯查詢

一、準備工作

1.創建springboot項目,項目結構如下

在這裡插入圖片描述

2.添加pom.xml配置信息

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.34</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

3.配置相關信息

將默認的application.properties文件的後綴修改為“.yml”,即配置文件名稱為:application.yml,並配置以下信息:

spring:
  #DataSource數據源
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_test?useSSL=false&amp
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

#MyBatis配置
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.mye.hl07mybatis.api.pojo #別名定義
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl #指定 MyBatis 所用日志的具體實現,未指定時將自動查找
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true #開啟自動駝峰命名規則(camel case)映射
    lazy-loading-enabled: true #開啟延時加載開關
    aggressive-lazy-loading: false #將積極加載改為消極加載(即按需加載),默認值就是false
    lazy-load-trigger-methods: "" #阻擋不相幹的操作觸發,實現懶加載
    cache-enabled: true #打開全局緩存開關(二級環境),默認值就是true

二、使用@One註解實現一對一關聯查詢

需求:獲取用戶信息,同時獲取一對多關聯的權限列表

1.在MySQL數據庫中創建用戶信息表(tb_user)

-- 判斷數據表是否存在,存在則刪除
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_user;
 
-- 創建“用戶信息”數據表
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tb_user
( 
	user_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '用戶編號',
	user_account VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '用戶賬號',
	user_password VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '用戶密碼',
	blog_url VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '博客地址',
	remark VARCHAR(50) COMMENT '備註'
) COMMENT = '用戶信息表';
 
-- 添加數據
INSERT INTO tb_user(user_account,user_password,blog_url,remark) VALUES('拒絕熬夜啊的博客','123456','https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43296313/','您好,歡迎訪問拒絕熬夜啊的博客');

2.在MySQL數據庫中創建身份證信息表(tb_idcard)

-- 判斷數據表是否存在,存在則刪除
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_idcard;
 
-- 創建“身份證信息”數據表
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tb_idcard
( 
	id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '身份證ID',
	user_id INT NOT NULL COMMENT '用戶編號',
	idCard_code VARCHAR(45) COMMENT '身份證號碼'
) COMMENT = '身份證信息表';
 
-- 添加數據
INSERT INTO tb_idcard(user_id,idCard_code) VALUE(1,'123456789');

3.創建用戶信息持久化類(UserInfo.java)

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserInfo {
    private int userId; //用戶編號
    private String userAccount; //用戶賬號
    private String userPassword; //用戶密碼
    private String blogUrl; //博客地址
    private String remark; //備註
    private IdcardInfo idcardInfo; //身份證信息
}

4.創建身份證信息持久化類(IdcardInfo.java)

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class IdcardInfo {
    public int id; //身份證ID
    public int userId; //用戶編號
    public String idCardCode; //身份證號碼
}

5.創建UserMapper接口(用戶信息Mapper動態代理接口)

@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    /**
     * 獲取用戶信息和身份證信息
     * 一對一關聯查詢
     */
    @Select("SELECT * FROM tb_user WHERE user_id = #{userId}")
    @Results(id = "userAndIdcardResultMap", value = {
            @Result(property = "userId", column = "user_id", javaType = Integer.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER, id = true),
            @Result(property = "userAccount", column = "user_account",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
            @Result(property = "userPassword", column = "user_password",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
            @Result(property = "blogUrl", column = "blog_url",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
            @Result(property = "remark", column = "remark",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
            @Result(property = "idcardInfo",column = "user_id",
                    one = @One(select = "com.mye.hl07mybatis.api.mapper.UserMapper.getIdcardInfo", fetchType = FetchType.LAZY))
    })
    UserInfo getUserAndIdcardInfo(@Param("userId")int userId);
 
    /**
     * 根據用戶ID,獲取身份證信息
     */
    @Select("SELECT * FROM tb_idcard WHERE user_id = #{userId}")
    @Results(id = "idcardInfoResultMap", value = {
            @Result(property = "id", column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "userId", column = "user_id"),
            @Result(property = "idCardCode", column = "idCard_code")})
    IdcardInfo getIdcardInfo(@Param("userId")int userId);
}

6.實現實體類和數據表的映射關系

在SpringBoot啟動類中加 @MapperScan(basePackages = “com.mye.hl07mybatis.api.mapper”) 註解。

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.mye.hl07mybatis.api.mapper")
public class Hl07MybatisApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Hl07MybatisApplication.class, args);
    }
}

7.編寫執行方法,獲取用戶信息和身份證信息(一對一關聯查詢)

@SpringBootTest(classes = Hl07MybatisApplication.class)
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class Hl07MybatisApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    /**
     * 獲取用戶信息和身份證信息
     * 一對一關聯查詢
     * @author pan_junbiao
     */
    @Test
    public void getUserAndIdcardInfo() {
        //執行Mapper代理對象的查詢方法
        UserInfo userInfo = userMapper.getUserAndIdcardInfo(1);
        //打印結果
        if(userInfo!=null) {
            System.out.println("用戶編號:" + userInfo.getUserId());
            System.out.println("用戶賬號:" + userInfo.getUserAccount());
            System.out.println("用戶密碼:" + userInfo.getUserPassword());
            System.out.println("博客地址:" + userInfo.getBlogUrl());
            System.out.println("備註信息:" + userInfo.getRemark());
            System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");

            //獲取身份證信息
            IdcardInfo idcardInfo = userInfo.getIdcardInfo();
            if(idcardInfo!=null) {
                System.out.println("身份證ID:" + idcardInfo.getId());
                System.out.println("用戶編號:" + idcardInfo.getUserId());
                System.out.println("身份證號碼:" + idcardInfo.getIdCardCode());
            }
        }
    }
}

執行結果:

在這裡插入圖片描述

三、使用@Many註解實現一對多關聯查詢

需求:獲取用戶信息,同時獲取一對多關聯的權限列表

1.在MySQL數據庫創建權限信息表(tb_role)

-- 判斷數據表是否存在,存在則刪除
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_role;
 
-- 創建“權限信息”數據表
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tb_role
( 
	id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '權限ID',
	user_id INT NOT NULL COMMENT '用戶編號',
	role_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '權限名稱'
) COMMENT = '權限信息表';
 
INSERT INTO tb_role(user_id,role_name) VALUES(1,'系統管理員'),(1,'新聞管理員'),(1,'廣告管理員');

2.創建權限信息持久化類(RoleInfo.java)

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class RoleInfo {
    private int id; //權限ID
    private int userId; //用戶編號
    private String roleName; //權限名稱
}

3.修改用戶信息持久化類(UserInfo.java),添加權限列表的屬性字段

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class UserInfo {
    private int userId; //用戶編號
    private String userAccount; //用戶賬號
    private String userPassword; //用戶密碼
    private String blogUrl; //博客地址
    private String remark; //備註
    private IdcardInfo idcardInfo; //身份證信息
    private List<RoleInfo> roleInfoList; //權限列表
}

4.編寫用戶信息Mapper動態代理接口(UserMapper.java)

/**
 * 獲取用戶信息和權限列表
 * 一對多關聯查詢
 * @author pan_junbiao
 */
@Select("SELECT * FROM tb_user WHERE user_id = #{userId}")
@Results(id = "userAndRolesResultMap", value = {
        @Result(property = "userId", column = "user_id", javaType = Integer.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER, id = true),
        @Result(property = "userAccount", column = "user_account",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
        @Result(property = "userPassword", column = "user_password",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
        @Result(property = "blogUrl", column = "blog_url",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
        @Result(property = "remark", column = "remark",javaType = String.class, jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
        @Result(property = "roleInfoList",column = "user_id", many = @Many(select = "com.pjb.mapper.UserMapper.getRoleList", fetchType = FetchType.LAZY))
})
public UserInfo getUserAndRolesInfo(@Param("userId")int userId);
 
/**
 * 根據用戶ID,獲取權限列表
 * @author pan_junbiao
 */
@Select("SELECT * FROM tb_role WHERE user_id = #{userId}")
@Results(id = "roleInfoResultMap", value = {
        @Result(property = "id", column = "id"),
        @Result(property = "userId", column = "user_id"),
        @Result(property = "roleName", column = "role_name")})
public List<RoleInfo> getRoleList(@Param("userId")int userId);

5.編寫執行方法,獲取用戶信息和權限列表(一對多關聯查詢)

/**
     * 獲取用戶信息和權限列表
     * 一對多關聯查詢
     * @author pan_junbiao
     */
    @Test
    public void getUserAndRolesInfo() {
        //執行Mapper代理對象的查詢方法
        UserInfo userInfo = userMapper.getUserAndRolesInfo(1);
        //打印結果
        if(userInfo!=null) {
            System.out.println("用戶編號:" + userInfo.getUserId());
            System.out.println("用戶賬號:" + userInfo.getUserAccount());
            System.out.println("用戶密碼:" + userInfo.getUserPassword());
            System.out.println("博客地址:" + userInfo.getBlogUrl());
            System.out.println("備註信息:" + userInfo.getRemark());
            System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");

            //獲取權限列表
            List<RoleInfo> roleInfoList = userInfo.getRoleInfoList();
            if(roleInfoList!=null && roleInfoList.size()>0) {
                System.out.println("用戶擁有的權限:");
                for (RoleInfo roleInfo : roleInfoList) {
                    System.out.println(roleInfo.getRoleName());
                }
            }
        }
    }

執行結果:

在這裡插入圖片描述

四、FetchType.LAZY 和 FetchType.EAGER的區別

FetchType.LAZY:懶加載,加載一個實體時,定義懶加載的屬性不會馬上從數據庫中加載。

FetchType.EAGER:急加載,加載一個實體時,定義急加載的屬性會立即從數據庫中加載。

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