Java初學者之五子棋遊戲實現教程
本文為大傢分享瞭Java實現五子棋遊戲的具體代碼，供大傢參考，具體內容如下
1.圖形化界面的創建
1.1創建JFrame窗體容器
1）JFrame窗體需要設置基本的大小、佈局、默認的關閉方式，以及最重要的設置可見。
1.2在JFrame上添加組件，用來繪制棋盤棋子和遊戲操作。
1）棋盤棋子的繪制：自定義一個類去繼承JPanel，把繪制棋盤和棋子的方法重寫進入paint()方法裡，這樣當窗體發生變化（放大、縮小、移動等操作時，棋盤棋子不會消失，棋局得以保存）。
2）悔棋、認輸等操作通過JButton按鈕添加鼠標監聽來實現。
2.關鍵點的實現
（使用六個類實現背後邏輯，UI類，DrawChessBoard類，GameMouse類，QiZi類，Location類以及AI類）。
2.1在棋盤點擊的位置繪制棋子
1）給棋盤添加鼠標監聽，獲取點擊位置的坐標
UI類負責初始化1中的圖形化界面，並給DrawChessBoard類添加GameMouse類的監聽。這樣在鼠標點擊棋盤時通過重寫GameMouse類的mouseClicked(),就可以獲取鼠標在棋盤上點擊的像素坐標。
2）坐標轉化成二位數組中的坐標
保存棋盤上所有棋子位置用到QiZi類中的int[][] memory二維數組，這樣把像素坐標轉化為二維數組中的坐標，並附上棋子顏色對應的值，就可以保存棋盤上所有棋子的位置。
3）在棋盤上畫出棋子
在DrawChessBoard類paint()方法中遍歷QiZi類中的int[][] memory二維數組非零值，就可以在相應位置調用畫筆方法畫出黑白棋子。
2.2判斷輸贏
1）下完棋子後，將下棋位置保存到QiZi類的int[][] memory二維數組中後，就可以以該點為中心計算其四個方向上連續棋子的數目，達到五個則通過JOptionPane類生成彈窗確定贏傢。
2.2悔棋功能和提示最後落子位置功能的實現
1）每次成功下一顆棋子，就可以創建一個保存瞭棋子坐標的Location對象，並將該對象添加到 QiZi類的ArrayList或者Stack容器當中，當鼠標點擊悔棋Button後，清除QiZi類的int[][] memory二維數組相應位置的數值（將之改為0即可），然後棋盤重繪棋子，就可以完成悔棋的效果。
2）同時可以找到容器中最後落子的位置，並在棋盤相應的坐標出畫出最後落子提示。
2.3開始、認輸的實現
1）開始遊戲，即重置遊戲，將棋子類的相應屬性清零即可，比如int[][] memory二維數組（即棋譜），owener=1（重置為白色），以及清楚棋盤上面的棋子。
2）認輸就可以判斷當前QiZi.owner的值，來判斷輸的一方並給出提示即可。
2.4AI的實現
1）默認AI為黑方的情況下，需要在白色方落子之後調用AI下黑色棋子，所以在需要在GameMouse中下白棋的if分支中調用AI方法
2）AI的厲害與否取決於其設計，在這裡提供一個思路：設置一個棋型對照表，給不同棋型賦值（如1111，代表白子四連，權重較高），輪到AI時，可以根據該表計算棋盤上每一個空位在八個方向總的權重大小，在權重最大處落子即可。棋型對照表中不同棋的權重設置，可以通過python等分析大量棋局來獲取，以此來訓練AI，當權重設置越合理，AI就越強。
3.其他功能
下子的動畫效果音效等可以通過開辟不同的線程來實現，而網絡對戰則可增加網絡通信相關模塊即可。
4.源碼
package wuziqi925;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class GameUI {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GameUI gameUI=new GameUI();
gameUI.showUI();
}
public void showUI(){
//創建棋子對象
QiZi qizi=new QiZi();
//獲取窗體
JFrame jFrame=new JFrame();
jFrame.setSize(1000,795);
jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(3);
jFrame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
jFrame.setLayout(null);
jFrame.setTitle("五子棋");
jFrame.setResizable(false);
//窗體添加棋盤面板
DrawChessBoard chessBoard=new DrawChessBoard(qizi);
jFrame.add(chessBoard);
chessBoard.setSize(760,760);
chessBoard.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);
//測試JFrame框架像素大小，Insets[top=32,left=3,bottom=3,right=3]
//System.out.println(jFrame.getInsets());
//窗體添加選項面板，用來畫棋盤
JPanel bp=new JPanel();
bp.setSize(236,760);
bp.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
bp.setLocation(760,0);
bp.setLayout(null);
jFrame.add(bp);
//選項面板添加按鈕
JButton start=new JButton("開始");
start.setBackground(Color.white);
start.setFont(new Font("華文行楷",Font.BOLD,20));
start.setBounds(40,350,150,50);
JButton quit=new JButton("認輸");
quit.setBackground(Color.white);
quit.setFont(new Font("華文行楷",Font.BOLD,20));
quit.setBounds(40,440,150,50);
JButton undo=new JButton("悔棋");
undo.setBackground(Color.white);
undo.setFont(new Font("華文行楷",Font.BOLD,20));
undo.setBounds(40,530,150,50);
bp.add(start);
bp.add(quit);
bp.add(undo);
//選擇模式選項
ButtonGroup bg=new ButtonGroup();
JRadioButton rrdz=new JRadioButton("玩傢對戰");
JRadioButton rjdz=new JRadioButton("人機對戰");
rrdz.setSize(120,30);
rrdz.setLocation(55,60);
rrdz.setFont(new Font("華文行楷",Font.BOLD,20));
rrdz.setVisible(true);
rjdz.setSize(120,30);
rjdz.setLocation(55,90);
rjdz.setFont(new Font("華文行楷",Font.BOLD,20));
rjdz.setVisible(true);
bg.add(rjdz);
bg.add(rrdz);
bp.add(rjdz);
bp.add(rrdz);
bp.setVisible(true);
//設置窗體可見
jFrame.setVisible(true);
AI ai=new AI(qizi,chessBoard);
//獲取棋盤的鼠標監聽和畫筆並將該畫筆添加給鼠標
Graphics g1=chessBoard.getGraphics();
GameMouse gameMouse=new GameMouse(qizi,chessBoard,ai);
chessBoard.addMouseListener(gameMouse);
start.addActionListener(gameMouse);
quit.addActionListener(gameMouse);
undo.addActionListener(gameMouse);
rrdz.addActionListener(gameMouse);
rjdz.addActionListener(gameMouse);
}
}
package wuziqi925;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class DrawChessBoard extends JPanel {
QiZi qiZi;
private static int LINE_NUM = 15;
private static int MARGIN_WIDTH = 30;
public static int CELL_SIZE = 50;
public DrawChessBoard(QiZi qiZi) {
this.qiZi = qiZi;
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
//畫棋盤
for (int i = 0; i < LINE_NUM; i++) {
g.drawLine(MARGIN_WIDTH, MARGIN_WIDTH + i * CELL_SIZE, MARGIN_WIDTH + (LINE_NUM - 1) * CELL_SIZE, MARGIN_WIDTH + i * CELL_SIZE);
g.drawLine(MARGIN_WIDTH + i * CELL_SIZE, MARGIN_WIDTH, MARGIN_WIDTH + i * CELL_SIZE, MARGIN_WIDTH + (LINE_NUM - 1) * CELL_SIZE);
}
//畫棋盤上的點
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE*3+22,CELL_SIZE*3+22,16,16);
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE*11+22,CELL_SIZE*3+22,16,16);
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE*3+22,CELL_SIZE*11+22,16,16);
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE*11+22,CELL_SIZE*11+22,16,16);
//畫棋子
int[][] a = qiZi.memory;
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
if (a[i][j] == 1) {
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE * i + 7, CELL_SIZE * j + 7, 46, 46);
} else if (a[i][j] == 2) {
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.fillOval(CELL_SIZE * i + 7, CELL_SIZE * j + 7, 46, 46);
}
}
}
//畫出最後一步棋子的位置上的十字架
if (qiZi.arr.size() > 0) {
Graphics2D g1=(Graphics2D)g;
g1.setColor(Color.red);
g1.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3.0f));
Location l = qiZi.arr.get(qiZi.arr.size() - 1);
g1.drawLine(CELL_SIZE * l.x + MARGIN_WIDTH - 8, CELL_SIZE * l.y + MARGIN_WIDTH, CELL_SIZE * l.x + MARGIN_WIDTH + 8, CELL_SIZE * l.y + MARGIN_WIDTH);
g1.drawLine(CELL_SIZE * l.x + MARGIN_WIDTH, CELL_SIZE * l.y + MARGIN_WIDTH - 8, CELL_SIZE * l.x + MARGIN_WIDTH, CELL_SIZE * l.y + MARGIN_WIDTH + 8);
}
}
}
package wuziqi925;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
public class GameMouse implements MouseListener, ActionListener {
QiZi qizi;
DrawChessBoard drawChessBoard;
AI ai;
public GameMouse() {
}
public GameMouse( QiZi qiZi, DrawChessBoard drawChessBoard,AI ai) {
this.qizi = qiZi;
this.drawChessBoard=drawChessBoard;
this.ai=ai;
}
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
int cellSize= DrawChessBoard.CELL_SIZE;
int x=e.getX();
int xx=0;
int y=e.getY();
int yy=0;
//在點擊位置畫棋子,並將下子位置轉換成棋子在二維數組中的坐標
if (qizi.owner==1) {
if ((x - 30) % cellSize > 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize > 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize + 1;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize + 1;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize > 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize < 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize + 1;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize < 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize > 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize + 1;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize < 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize < 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize;
}
if(qizi.memory[xx][yy]==0) {//判斷無子
qizi.x=xx;
qizi.y=yy;
qizi.memory[qizi.x][qizi.y] = qizi.owner;//下棋子並將棋子放入容器
Location location=new Location(qizi);//記錄剛下的棋子位置順序
qizi.arr.add(location);
drawChessBoard.repaint();//繪制剛下的棋子
qizi.judgeWinner();//判斷輸贏
qizi.owner=2;//交換棋權
}
if (ai.state){
ai.initiateAI();
}
}else {
qizi.owner=2;
if ((x - 30) % cellSize > 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize > 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize + 1;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize + 1;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize > 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize < 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize + 1;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize < 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize > 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize + 1;
} else if ((x - 30) % cellSize < 25 & (y - 30) % cellSize < 25) {
xx=(x - 30) / cellSize;
yy=(y - 30) / cellSize;
}
if(qizi.memory[xx][yy]==0) {
qizi.x=xx;
qizi.y=yy;
qizi.memory[qizi.x][qizi.y] = qizi.owner;//下棋子並將棋子放入容器
Location location=new Location(qizi);//記錄剛下的棋子位置順序
qizi.arr.add(location);
drawChessBoard.repaint();//繪制剛下的棋子
qizi.judgeWinner();//判斷輸贏
qizi.owner=1;//交換棋權
}
}
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int cellSize= DrawChessBoard.CELL_SIZE;
String s=e.getActionCommand();
JOptionPane tc=new JOptionPane();
//悔棋功能的實現
if (s.equals("悔棋")){
if (qizi.arr.size()>0) {
Location l = qizi.arr.get(qizi.arr.size() - 1);
qizi.memory[l.x][l.y] = 0;
qizi.arr.remove(qizi.arr.size() - 1);
if (qizi.owner == 1) {
qizi.owner = 2;
} else if (qizi.owner == 2) {
qizi.owner = 1;
}
}else {
tc.showMessageDialog(null,"無棋可毀，請下棋！");
}
//刷新棋盤
drawChessBoard.repaint();
}
if (s.equals("開始")){
qizi.owner=1;
qizi.memory=new int[15][15];
qizi.arr.clear();
qizi.win=false;
drawChessBoard.repaint();
}
if(s.equals("認輸")){
int whiteCount=0;
int blackCount=0;
for (int i = 0; i < qizi.memory.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < qizi.memory[i].length; j++) {
if (qizi.memory[i][j]==1){
whiteCount++;
}else if (qizi.memory[i][j]==2){
blackCount++;
}
}
}
if (whiteCount==blackCount){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,qizi.owner==1 ?"黑方投降,白方勝！":"白方投降,黑方勝！");
}else if(whiteCount>blackCount){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,"黑方投降,白方勝！");
}else {
tc.showMessageDialog(null,"白方投降,黑方勝！");
}
}
if (s.equals("人機對戰")){
ai.state=true;
}
if (s.equals("玩傢對戰")){
ai.state=false;
}
}
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
package wuziqi925;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class QiZi {
int x;
int y;
int owner=1;//1 代表白色，2代表黑色
int[][] memory;
ArrayList <Location>arr;
boolean win=false;
public QiZi() {
memory=new int[15][15];
arr=new ArrayList<>(50);
}
public void judgeWinner() {
JOptionPane tc=new JOptionPane();
int count1=0;
int count2=0;
int count3=0;
int count4=0;
//豎直方向檢測
for (int i = y-1; i >-1 ; i--) {
if (memory[x][i]==owner){
count1++;
}else {
break;
}
}
for (int i = y+1; i <15; i++) {
if (memory[x][i]==owner){
count1++;
}else {
break;
}
}
if (count1 > 3){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,owner==1?"白方勝":"黑方勝");
win=true;
return;
}
//水平方向檢測
for (int i = x-1; i >-1 ; i--) {
if (memory[i][y]==owner){
count2++;
}else {
break;
}
}
for (int i = x+1; i <15; i++) {
if (memory[i][y]==owner){
count2++;
}else {
break;
}
}
if (count2 > 3){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,owner==1?"白方勝":"黑方勝");
win=true;
return;
}
//在\方向上檢測
int yy=y;
for (int i = x+1; i <15; i++) {
if(yy==14){
break;
}
yy++;
if (memory[i][yy]==owner){
count3++;
}else {
break;
}
}
yy=y;
for (int i = x-1; i >-1; i--) {
if (yy==0){
break;
}
yy--;
if (memory[i][yy]==owner){
count3++;
}else {
break;
}
}
if (count3 > 3){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,owner==1?"白方勝":"黑方勝");
win=true;
return;
}
//在/方向上檢測
yy=y;
for (int i = x+1; i <15; i++) {
if(yy==0){
break;
}
yy--;
if (memory[i][yy]==owner){
count4++;
}else {
break;
}
}
yy=y;
for (int i = x-1; i >-1; i--) {
if(yy==14){
break;
}
yy++;
if (memory[i][yy]==owner){
count4++;
}else {
break;
}
}
if (count4 > 3){
tc.showMessageDialog(null,owner==1?"白方勝":"黑方勝");
win=true;
return;
}
}
}
package wuziqi925;
public class Location {
QiZi qiZi;
int x;
int y;
public Location(QiZi qiZi) {
//記錄棋譜
x=qiZi.x;
y=qiZi.y;
}
public Location(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
package wuziqi925;
import java.util.*;
public class AI {
boolean state=false;//true為on false為off
QiZi qiZi;
//存儲棋型權值
private HashMap<String,Integer> playValueTable=new HashMap<>();
//存儲每個可下點的權重大小
private HashMap<Location,Integer> locationsAndValues=new HashMap<>();
DrawChessBoard drawChessBoard;
int AIDO=0;
public AI(QiZi qiZi,DrawChessBoard drawChessBoard){
this.drawChessBoard=drawChessBoard;
this.qiZi=qiZi;
//1代表該方向為白方棋子（玩傢），2代表該方向為黑方棋子（AI）
playValueTable.put("22221",100);
playValueTable.put("2222",100);
playValueTable.put("11112",99);
playValueTable.put("1111",0);
playValueTable.put("2221",40);
playValueTable.put("222",45);
playValueTable.put("1112",35);
playValueTable.put("111",46);
playValueTable.put("22",25);
playValueTable.put("221",20);
playValueTable.put("11",15);
playValueTable.put("112",10);
playValueTable.put("21",5);
playValueTable.put("2",10);
playValueTable.put("1",8);
playValueTable.put("12",2);
}
public void initiateAI(){
if (qiZi.win){
return;
}
int chessValue=0;
//遍歷棋盤找到空點
for (int i = 0; i <qiZi.memory.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < qiZi.memory[i].length; j++) {
//計算qiZi.memory[i][j]（空點）位置的權值，保存ij位點
if (qiZi.memory[i][j]==0){
Location l=new Location(i,j);
chessValue=countValue(i,j);
locationsAndValues.put(l,chessValue);
}
}
}
//System.out.println(chessValue);
//判斷權值最大的點,獲取該點的坐標值並傳入qiZi.memory
//按照value對HashMap<Location,Integer> locationsAndValues進行排序找到最大值
Set<Map.Entry<Location,Integer>> set=locationsAndValues.entrySet();
List<Map.Entry<Location,Integer>> list=new ArrayList<>(set);
list.sort(new Comparator<Map.Entry<Location, Integer>>() {
@Override
public int compare(Map.Entry<Location, Integer> o1, Map.Entry<Location, Integer> o2) {
return o2.getValue()-o1.getValue();
}
});
//排序完畢取最大//獲取最大權重值對應的空點坐標
Map.Entry<Location,Integer> maxSet=list.get(0);
Location toDo=maxSet.getKey();
qiZi.x= toDo.x;
qiZi.y= toDo.y;
qiZi.memory[qiZi.x][qiZi.y]=qiZi.owner;
Location location=new Location(qiZi);//記錄剛下的棋子位置順序
qiZi.arr.add(location);
drawChessBoard.repaint();//繪制剛下的棋子
qiZi.judgeWinner();//判斷輸贏
qiZi.owner=1;//交換棋權
System.out.println(++AIDO);
locationsAndValues.clear();
}
private int countValue(int i,int j) {
int totalValue=0;
StringBuilder s1=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s2=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s3=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s4=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s5=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s6=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s7=new StringBuilder();
StringBuilder s8=new StringBuilder();
//八個方向去去判定
//North
for (int k = j-1; k >-1 ; k--) {
if (qiZi.memory[i][k]==1){
s1.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[i][k]==2) {
s1.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count1=playValueTable.get(s1.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s1.toString());
totalValue+=count1;
//South
for (int k = j+1; k <15; k++) {
if (qiZi.memory[i][k]==1){
s2.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[i][k]==2) {
s2.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count2=playValueTable.get(s2.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s2.toString());
totalValue+=count2;
//West
for (int k = i-1; k >-1 ; k--) {
if (qiZi.memory[k][j]==1){
s3.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][j]==2) {
s3.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count3=playValueTable.get(s3.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s3.toString());
totalValue+=count3;
//East
for (int k = i+1; k <15; k++) {
if (qiZi.memory[k][j]==1){
s4.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][j]==2) {
s4.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count4=playValueTable.get(s4.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s4.toString());
totalValue+=count4;
//SE
int yy=j;
for (int k = i+1; k < 15; k++) {
if(yy==14){
break;
}
yy++;
if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==1){
s5.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==2) {
s5.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count5=playValueTable.get(s5.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s5.toString());
totalValue+=count5;
//NW
yy=j;
for (int k = i-1; k >-1; k--) {
if(yy==0){
break;
}
yy--;
if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==1){
s6.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==2) {
s6.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count6=playValueTable.get(s6.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s6.toString());
totalValue+=count6;
//NE
yy=j;
for (int k = i+1; k <15; k++) {
if(yy==0){
break;
}
yy--;
if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==1){
s7.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==2) {
s7.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count7=playValueTable.get(s7.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s7.toString());
totalValue+=count6;
//SW
yy=j;
for (int k = i-1; k >-1; k--) {
if(yy==14){
break;
}
yy++;
if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==1){
s8.append(1);
}else if (qiZi.memory[k][yy]==2) {
s8.append(2);
}else {
break;
}
}
int count8=playValueTable.get(s8.toString())==null?0:playValueTable.get(s8.toString());
totalValue+=count8;
return totalValue;
}
}
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大傢的學習有所幫助，也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。
推薦閱讀：
- unity實現簡單計算器
- java基礎之 Arrays.toString()方法詳解
- Java實用工具之StringJoiner詳解
- 提高C# StringBuilder操作性能優化的方法
- Java 自定義動態數組方式