Centos7.9搭建自主郵件服務器詳細步驟

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前言

由於公司zabbix 監控告警郵件發送量過打，使用的騰訊企業郵箱會出現漏發或發送頻率過快而拒絕發送的情況，所以現在使用自主搭建的內網郵件服務器來負責zabbix告警郵件的發送。

內網的告警郵件服務器隻能給其他(騰訊企業郵箱，網易郵箱等)郵箱發送郵件，而不能接受其他郵箱的回郵件，如想可以收到回件需要購買域名配置A記錄和MX記錄，本文檔不再講解。

一 配置內網dns A記錄和MX記錄

我在內網使用的域名主機是dnsmasq代理軟件，其使用簡單，方便，多樣化。詳細配置可查看其他文檔。

[root@dns_proxy ~]# grep liqing /etc/dnsmasq.conf
address=/mail.liqing-test.top/192.168.2.100
mx-host=liqing-test.top,mail.liqing-test.top,10

二 mail服務器初始化配置

1. 修改主機名

[root@localhost /]# hostnamectl --static set-hostname mail.liqing-test.top|bash

2. 關閉防火墻與selinux

[root@mail /]# systemctl stop iptables && systemctl disable iptables
[root@mail /]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
[root@mail /]# setenforce 0

3. 開啟時間同步

[root@mail /]# yum -y install ntpdate && ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com

4. 安裝軟件

[root@mail /]# yum  -y  install  postfix  dovecot  cyrus-sasl-*  mailx

三 修改配置文件

註釋：配置文件備份操作本文檔自行操作

1 配置postfix

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/postfix/main.cf
mail_owner = postfix
myhostname = mail.liqing-test.top
mydomain = liqing-test.top
myorigin = $mydomain
inet_interfaces = all
inet_protocols = ipv4
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain, mail.$mydomain, www.$mydomain, ftp.$mydomain
local_recipient_maps =
mynetworks = 0.0.0.0/0
relay_domains = $mydestination
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP

# 在最下面新增
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_local_domain =
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_auth_destination,permit_sasl_authenticated
smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated

2 配置dovecot

2.1 配置監聽協議:

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
protocols = imap pop3 lmtp
listen = *
login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0/0
dict {
}
!include conf.d/*.conf
!include_try local.conf

2.2 配置登錄方式：

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf
disable_plaintext_auth = no
auth_mechanisms = plain login
!include auth-system.conf.ext

2.3 配置郵件存儲位置：

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u
namespace inbox {
inbox = yes
}
first_valid_uid = 1000
mbox_write_locks = fcntl
[root@mail /]# cat /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf 
service auth {
   unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
   mode = 0666
   user = postfix
   group = postfix
   }
}

2.4 配置ssl(關閉):

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf 
ssl = no

3 配置sasl2

3.1 配置系統認證：

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/sysconfig/saslauthd 
SOCKETDIR=/run/saslauthd
MECH=shadow
FLAGS=

3.2 配置登錄方式:

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
pwcheck_method: saslauthd
mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN
log_level:3

4 啟動服務:

systemctl  restart  dovecot
systemctl  restart  postfix
systemctl  restart  saslauthd
systemctl  enable dovecot
systemctl  enable  postfix
systemctl  enable  saslauthd

5 創建用戶並設置pass

[root@mail /]# useradd -m autumn && echo 123456 | passwd --stdin autumn
[root@mail /]# su - autumn 
[autumn@mail ~]$ mkdir -p ~/mail/.imap/INBOX
[autumn@mail ~]$ chmod -R 750 ~/mail        #(這不操作不做會在使用foxmail登錄時報錯{Error: Couldn't open INBOX: Permission denied})
[autumn@mail ~]$ exit

6 配置mailx：

[root@mail /]# cat /etc/mail.rc
set [email protected]
set smtp=mail.liqing-test.top
set smtp-auth-user=autumn
set smtp-auth-password=123456
set smtp-auth=login

四 發送郵件測試

1 命令行發送郵件測試

[root@mail /]# echo  "郵件服務器測試"  |  mail  -s  "郵件服務器測試"  [email protected]

2 使用使用foxmail登錄並發送郵件測試

Centos7.9 搭建自主郵件服務器_企業郵箱

Centos7.9 搭建自主郵件服務器_發送郵件_02

Centos7.9 搭建自主郵件服務器_郵件服務器_03

五 報錯

1 權限被拒絕

在使用foxmail登錄郵箱時提示權限被拒絕，這是因為在郵箱用戶的傢目錄下mail文件權限不是750，設置為750後解決。

[autumn@mail ~]$ chmod -R 750 ~/mail

Dec 3 10:15:35 Git-server dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<autumn>, method=PLAIN, rip=192.168.31.100, lip=192.168.2.100, mpid=24843, secured, session=<YnZ3ezTSjiLAqB9k>

Dec 3 10:15:35 Git-server dovecot: pop3(autumn): Error: fchown(/home/autumn/mail/.imap, group=12(mail)) failed: Operation not permitted (egid=1004(autumn), group based on /var/mail/autumn – see http://wiki2.dovecot.org/Errors/ChgrpNoPerm)

Dec 3 10:15:35 Git-server dovecot: pop3(autumn): Error: Couldn’t open INBOX: Permission denied

Dec 3 10:15:35 Git-server dovecot: pop3(autumn): Couldn’t open INBOX: Permission denied top=0/0, retr=0/0, del=0/0, size=0

Dec 3 10:16:26 Git-server dovecot: pop3-login: Login: user=<autumn>, method=PLAIN, rip=192.168.31.100, lip=192.168.2.100, mpid=24895, secured, session=<NkWHfjTS2CLAqB9k>

Dec 3 10:16:26 Git-server dovecot: pop3(autumn): Error: fchown(/home/autumn/mail/.imap, group=12(mail)) failed: Operation not permitted (egid=1004(autumn), group based on /var/mail/autumn – see http://wiki2.dovecot.org/Errors/ChgrpNoPerm)

2 無法找到主機：

郵件在發送時會根據郵件地址的解析記錄去查找mx記錄，這裡我在向騰訊的企業郵箱發送測試郵件時找不到騰訊的郵箱地址。我在內網的dns代理中加入瞭騰訊的mx記錄後解決

[root@dns- ~]# grep qq /etc/dnsmasq.conf 
mx-host=***.com,mxbiz2.qq.com,10
mx-host=***.com,mxbiz1.qq.com,5

Dec 3 10:36:14 Git-server postfix/smtpd[26216]: connect from unknown[192.168.31.100]

Dec 3 10:36:15 Git-server postfix/smtpd[26216]: 05C682267F04: client=unknown[192.168.31.100], sasl_method=LOGIN, sasl_username=autumn

Dec 3 10:36:15 Git-server postfix/cleanup[26220]: 05C682267F04: message-id=<[email protected]>

Dec 3 10:36:15 Git-server postfix/qmgr[25430]: 05C682267F04: from=<[email protected]>, size=1561, nrcpt=1 (queue active)

Dec 3 10:36:15 Git-server postfix/smtpd[26216]: disconnect from unknown[192.168.31.100]

Dec 3 10:36:15 Git-server postfix/smtp[26221]: 05C682267F04: to=<***@***.com>, relay=none, delay=0.11, delays=0.08/0.02/0/0, dsn=4.4.3, status=deferred (Host or domain name not found. Name service error for name=***.com type=MX: Host not found, try again)

3 郵件被拒絕

在我向騰訊企業郵箱發送測試郵件時日志裡出現瞭550郵件連接被拒絕的情況，此情況在郵件中設置白名單後解決。

Centos7.9 搭建自主郵件服務器_企業郵箱_04

Dec 3 10:11:57 Git-server postfix/smtpd[24617]: connect from mail.liqing-test.top[192.168.2.100]

Dec 3 10:11:57 Git-server postfix/smtpd[24617]: 4E2292267F04: client=mail.liqing-test.top[192.168.2.100], sasl_method=LOGIN, sasl_username=autumn

Dec 3 10:11:57 Git-server postfix/cleanup[24621]: 4E2292267F04: message-id=<61a97cec.xRtXn6hYj3NI3wI3%[email protected]>

Dec 3 10:11:57 Git-server postfix/qmgr[24504]: 4E2292267F04: from=<[email protected]>, size=541, nrcpt=1 (queue active)

Dec 3 10:11:57 Git-server postfix/smtpd[24617]: disconnect from mail.liqing-test.top[192.168.2.100]

Dec 3 10:11:58 Git-server postfix/smtp[24622]: 4E2292267F04: to=<***@***.com>, relay=mxbiz1.qq.com[183.57.48.34]:25, delay=1.6, delays=0.09/0.03/0.16/1.3, dsn=5.0.0, status=bounced (host mxbiz1.qq.com[183.57.48.34] said: 550 Mail content denied. http://service.exmail.qq.com/cgi-bin/help?subtype=1&&id=20022&&no=1000726 (in reply to end of DATA command))

到此這篇關於Centos7.9搭建自主郵件服務器詳細步驟的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關Centos搭建郵件服務器內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet！

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