springboot整合多數據源配置方式
簡介
主要介紹兩種整合方式,分別是 springboot+mybatis 使用分包方式整合,和 springboot+druid+mybatisplus 使用註解方式整合。
一、表結構
在本地新建兩個數據庫,名稱分別為db1
和db2
,新建一張user
表,表結構如下:
SQL代碼:
CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵', `name` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名', `age` int(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年齡', `sex` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '性別:0-男,1-女', `addr` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
二、多數據源整合
1. springboot+mybatis使用分包方式整合
1.1 主要依賴包
- spring-boot-starter-web
- mybatis-spring-boot-starter
- mysql-connector-java
- lombok
pom.xml
文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>multipledatasource</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>multipledatasource</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring 依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- mysql 依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
1.2 application.yml 配置文件
server: port: 8080 # 啟動端口 spring: datasource: db1: # 數據源1 jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver db2: # 數據源2 jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
註意事項
各個版本的 springboot 配置 datasource 時參數有所變化,例如低版本配置數據庫 url 時使用 url 屬性,高版本使用 jdbc-url 屬性,請註意區分。
1.3 建立連接數據源的配置文件
第一個配置文件
@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.multipledatasource.mapper.db1", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db1SqlSessionFactory") public class DataSourceConfig1 { @Primary // 表示這個數據源是默認數據源, 這個註解必須要加,因為不加的話spring將分不清楚那個為主數據源(默認數據源) @Bean("db1DataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db1") //讀取application.yml中的配置參數映射成為一個對象 public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Primary @Bean("db1SqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); bean.setDataSource(dataSource); // mapper的xml形式文件位置必須要配置,不然將報錯:no statement (這種錯誤也可能是mapper的xml中,namespace與項目的路徑不一致導致) bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapping/db1/*.xml")); return bean.getObject(); } @Primary @Bean("db1SqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){ return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } }
第二個配置文件
@Configuration @MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.multipledatasource.mapper.db2", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db2SqlSessionFactory") public class DataSourceConfig2 { @Bean("db2DataSource") @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db2") public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){ return DataSourceBuilder.create().build(); } @Bean("db2SqlSessionFactory") public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception { SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean(); bean.setDataSource(dataSource); bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapping/db2/*.xml")); return bean.getObject(); } @Bean("db2SqlSessionTemplate") public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){ return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory); } }
1.4 具體實現
項目結構如下:
註意事項
- 在 service 層中根據不同的業務註入不同的 dao 層
- 如果是主從復制- -讀寫分離:比如 db1 中負責增刪改,db2 中負責查詢。但是需要註意的是負責增刪改的數據庫必須是主庫(master)
2. springboot+druid+mybatisplus使用註解整合
2.1 主要依賴包
- spring-boot-starter-web
- mybatis-plus-boot-starter
- dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter # 配置動態數據源
- druid-spring-boot-starter # 阿裡的數據庫連接池
- mysql-connector-java
- lombok
pom.xml
文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>mutipledatasource2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>mutipledatasource2</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.2.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>2.5.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.20</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <profiles> <profile> <id>local1</id> <properties> <profileActive>local1</profileActive> </properties> <activation> <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault> </activation> </profile> <profile> <id>local2</id> <properties> <profileActive>local2</profileActive> </properties> </profile> </profiles> </project>
2.2 application.yml 配置文件
server: port: 8080 spring: datasource: dynamic: primary: db1 # 配置默認數據庫 datasource: db1: # 數據源1配置 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver db2: # 數據源2配置 url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8 username: root password: root driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver durid: initial-size: 1 max-active: 20 min-idle: 1 max-wait: 60000 autoconfigure: exclude: com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure # 去除druid配置
DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure
會註入一個DataSourceWrapper
,其會在原生的spring.datasource
下找 url, username, password 等。動態數據源 URL 等配置是在 dynamic 下,因此需要排除,否則會報錯。排除方式有兩種,一種是上述配置文件排除,還有一種可以在項目啟動類排除:
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure.class) public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); } }
2.3 給使用非默認數據源添加註解@DS
@DS
可以註解在方法上和類上,同時存在方法註解優先於類上註解。
註解在 service 實現或 mapper 接口方法上,不要同時在 service 和 mapper 註解。
@DS("db2") public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> { } @Service @DS("db2") public class ModelServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<ModelMapper, Model> implements IModelService {} @Select("SELECT * FROM user") @DS("db2") List<User> selectAll();
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