基於PyQt5制作一個數據圖表生成器
我的需求:手動配置X軸、Y軸、圖表標題等參數自動通過Pyecharts模塊生成可視化的html數據圖表,並將瀏覽器圖表展示到UI界面上。
制作出圖表後的效果展示如下:
另外,生成後的圖表結果會使用 html 的形式保存下來。
導入 UI 界面相關的 PyQt5 第三方模塊庫。
from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5.QtGui import *
若是使用PyQt5的版本是5.10.1以上,則需要單獨安裝一下PyQtWebEngine,說是QtWebEngineWidgets模塊被新版本移除瞭。執行一下下面安裝單獨安裝一下PyQtWebEngine就OK瞭。
pip install PyQtWebEngine
導入 Web 瀏覽器引擎的支持。
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
應用其他的相關模塊導入。
import sys # 應用操作庫 import os from datetime import datetime from pyecharts.charts import * # 圖表設置展示庫 from pyecharts import options # 圖標參數配置庫
主要的代碼塊實現過程如下:
class DataVisual(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(DataVisual, self).__init__() self.cwd = os.getcwd() # 獲取當前路徑 self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.setWindowTitle('數據圖表生成器') self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('數據.ico')) self.brower = QWebEngineView() self.brower.setMinimumWidth(800) self.brower.setMaximumWidth(1400) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl('')) form = QFormLayout() '''折線圖/柱狀圖控件開始''' self.selected_label = QLabel() self.selected_label.setText('設置圖表類型:') self.selected_cobox = QComboBox() self.selected_cobox.addItems(['Bar(柱狀圖/條形圖)', 'Line(折線/面積圖)', 'Pie(餅圖)']) self.selected_cobox.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.selected_cobox_change) self.title_label = QLabel() self.title_label.setText('設置標題:') self.title_text = QLineEdit() self.title_text.setPlaceholderText('請輸入圖表標題(最大長度10)') self.title_text.setMaxLength(10) self.subtitle_label = QLabel() self.subtitle_label.setText('設置副標題:') self.subtitle_text = QLineEdit() self.subtitle_text.setPlaceholderText('請輸入圖表副標題(最大長度20)') self.title_text.setMaxLength(20) self.data_label_x = QLabel() self.data_label_x.setText('設置X軸數據:') self.data_text_x = QLineEdit() self.data_text_x.setPlaceholderText("湖北, 四川, 重慶, 河北, 雲南") self.data_text_x.setMaxLength(1000) self.data_label_y1_name = QLabel() self.data_label_y1_name.setText('設置Y1軸標簽:') self.data_text_y1_name = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y1_name.setPlaceholderText("請輸入Y1軸標簽") self.data_label_y1 = QLabel() self.data_label_y1.setText('設置Y1軸數據:') self.data_text_y1 = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y1.setPlaceholderText("34500, 3000, 3218, 2890, 50023") self.data_text_y1.setMaxLength(1000) self.data_label_y2_name = QLabel() self.data_label_y2_name.setText('設置Y2軸標簽:') self.data_text_y2_name = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y2_name.setPlaceholderText("請輸入Y2軸標簽") self.data_label_y2 = QLabel() self.data_label_y2.setText('設置Y2軸數據:') self.data_text_y2 = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y2.setPlaceholderText("1200, 100, 300, 130, 1004") self.data_text_y2.setMaxLength(1000) '''折線圖/柱狀圖控件結束''' '''餅圖控件開始''' self.pie_table_label = QLabel() self.pie_table_label.setText('設置標題:') self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_table_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_table_text.setPlaceholderText('請輸入標題') self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_label = QLabel() self.pie_data_label.setText('設置餅圖數據:') self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_data_text.setPlaceholderText("華為:35,三星:59") self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius = QLabel() self.pie_radius.setText('設置數據顯示比例:') self.pie_radius.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_radius_text.setPlaceholderText('65%') self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_cle = QLabel() self.pie_radius_cle.setText('設置圓環空心比例:') self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text_cle = QLineEdit() self.pie_radius_text_cle.setPlaceholderText('60%') self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False) '''餅圖控件結束''' '''公共控件開始''' self.save_dir_text = QLineEdit() self.save_dir_text.setPlaceholderText('請選擇圖表保存地址') self.save_dir_text.setReadOnly(True) self.save_dir_btn = QPushButton() self.save_dir_btn.setText('存儲路徑') self.save_dir_btn.clicked.connect(self.save_dir_btn_click) self.version = QLabel() self.version.setText('<font color="green">公眾號:[Python 集中營]</font>') self.generate_btn = QPushButton() self.generate_btn.setText('生成圖表') self.generate_btn.clicked.connect(self.generate_btn_click) '''公共控件結束''' '''折線圖/柱狀圖佈局開始''' form.addRow(self.selected_label, self.selected_cobox) form.addRow(self.title_label, self.title_text) form.addRow(self.subtitle_label, self.subtitle_text) form.addRow(self.data_label_x, self.data_text_x) form.addRow(self.data_label_y1_name,self.data_text_y1_name) form.addRow(self.data_label_y1, self.data_text_y1) form.addRow(self.data_label_y2_name,self.data_text_y2_name) form.addRow(self.data_label_y2, self.data_text_y2) '''折線圖/柱狀圖佈局結束''' '''柱狀圖''' form.addRow(self.pie_table_label, self.pie_table_text) form.addRow(self.pie_radius, self.pie_radius_text) form.addRow(self.pie_radius_cle, self.pie_radius_text_cle) form.addRow(self.pie_data_label, self.pie_data_text) '''柱狀圖''' '''公共佈局''' form.addRow(self.save_dir_text, self.save_dir_btn) form.addRow(self.version, self.generate_btn) '''公共佈局''' hbox = QHBoxLayout() hbox.addWidget(self.brower) hbox.addSpacing(10) hbox.addLayout(form) self.setLayout(hbox) def save_dir_btn_click(self): directory = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "選取文件夾", self.cwd) self.save_dir_text.setText(directory) def selected_cobox_change(self): selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip() print(selected) if selected == 'Line(折線/面積圖)' \ or selected == 'Bar(柱狀圖/條形圖)': '''顯示控件''' self.title_label.setVisible(True) self.title_text.setVisible(True) self.subtitle_label.setVisible(True) self.subtitle_text.setVisible(True) self.data_label_x.setVisible(True) self.data_text_x.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y1.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y1.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y2.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y2.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(True) '''隱藏控件''' self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False) elif selected == 'Pie(餅圖)': '''隱藏控件''' self.title_label.setVisible(False) self.title_text.setVisible(False) self.subtitle_label.setVisible(False) self.subtitle_text.setVisible(False) self.data_label_x.setVisible(False) self.data_text_x.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y1.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y1.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y2.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y2.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(False) '''顯示控件''' self.pie_table_label.setVisible(True) self.pie_table_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_data_label.setVisible(True) self.pie_data_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(True) def generate_btn_click(self): selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip() if selected == 'Pie(餅圖)': pie_table_text = self.pie_table_text.text().strip() print(pie_table_text) pie_data_text_list = self.pie_data_text.text().strip().split(",") print(pie_data_text_list) list_data = [] for str_ in pie_data_text_list: d_list = str_.split(":") tuple_ = (d_list[0],) + (int(d_list[1]),) list_data.append(tuple_) print(list_data) pie_radius_text = self.pie_radius_text.text() print(pie_radius_text) pie_radius_text_cle = self.pie_radius_text_cle.text() print(pie_radius_text_cle) pie = Pie() pie.add( series_name=pie_table_text, data_pair=list_data, radius=[pie_radius_text_cle, pie_radius_text], rosetype='radius' ) pie.set_series_opts(label_opts=options.LabelOpts(formatter='{b}:{d}%')) pie.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=pie_table_text)) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + '/' + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + '.html' print(html_file_path) pie.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path)) elif selected == 'Bar(柱狀圖/條形圖)': title = self.title_text.text().strip() subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip() data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(",")) data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(",")) data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(',')) bar = Bar() bar.add_xaxis(data_x) bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1) bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2) bar.set_global_opts( title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle), toolbox_opts=options.ToolboxOpts()) bar.set_series_opts( label_opts=options.LabelOpts(is_show=False), markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts(data=[ options.MarkPointItem(type_='min', name='最小值'), options.MarkPointItem(type_='max', name='最大值') ])) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + '/' + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + '.html' print(html_file_path) bar.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path)) elif selected == 'Line(折線/面積圖)': title = self.title_text.text().strip() subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip() data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(",")) data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(",")) data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(',')) line = Line() # 3. 關聯數據 line.add_xaxis(data_x) line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1, is_smooth=True) line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2, markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts( data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_='min', name='最小值')] )) line.set_series_opts(markline_opts=options.MarkLineOpts( data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_='average', name='平均值'), options.MarkPointItem(type_='max', name='最大值')] )) line.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle)) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + '/' + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + '.html' print(html_file_path) line.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path))
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