Python實現微博動態圖片爬取詳解

import os
import sys
import time
from urllib.parse import quote
 
import requests
 
headers = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/95.0.4638.69 Safari/537.36'
}
 
 
def time_to_str(c_at):
    ti = time.strptime(c_at, '%a %b %d %H:%M:%S +0800 %Y')
    time_str = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S', ti)
    return time_str
 
 
# 1. 搜索用戶，獲取uid
# 2. 通過uid獲取空間動態關鍵參數
# 3. 獲取動態內容
# 4. 提取圖片參數
# 5. 下載圖片
 
# 1. 搜索用戶，獲取uid
# ========= 用戶名 =========
# 輸入不同的用戶名可切換下載的用戶圖片
# 用戶名需要完全匹配
name = '半半子_'
# =========================
 
con_id = f'100103type=1&q={name}'
# 這個條件需要轉碼
con_id = quote(con_id, 'utf-8')
user_url = f'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid={con_id}&page_type=searchall'
user_json = requests.get(url=user_url, headers=headers).json()
user_cards = user_json['data']['cards']
for card_num in range(len(user_cards)):
    if 'mblog' in user_cards[card_num]:
        if user_cards[card_num]['mblog']['user']['screen_name'] == name:
            print(f'正在獲取{name}的空間')
            # 2. 通過uid獲取空間動態關鍵參數
            user_id = user_cards[card_num]['mblog']['user']['id']
            info_url = f'https://m.weibo.cn/profile/info?uid={user_id}'
            info_json = requests.get(url=info_url, headers=headers).json()
            more_card = info_json['data']['more'].split("/")[-1]
            break
file_name = 'weibo'
if not os.path.exists(file_name):
    os.mkdir(file_name)
 
if len(more_card) == 0:
    sys.exit()
page_type = '03'
page = 0
while True:
    # 3. 獲取動態內容
    page += 1
    url = f'https://m.weibo.cn/api/container/getIndex?containerid={more_card}&page_type={page_type}&page={page}'
    param = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers).json()
    cards = param['data']['cards']
    print(f'第 {page} 頁')
    for i in range(len(cards)):
        card = cards[i]
        if card['card_type'] != 9:
            continue
        mb_log = card['mblog']
        # 4. 提取圖片參數
        # 獲取本人的圖片
        pic_ids = mb_log['pic_ids']
        user_name = mb_log['user']['screen_name']
        created_at = mb_log['created_at']
        if len(pic_ids) == 0:
            # 獲取轉發的圖片
            if 'retweeted_status' not in mb_log:
                continue
            if 'pic_ids' not in mb_log['retweeted_status']:
                continue
            pic_ids = mb_log['retweeted_status']['pic_ids']
            user_name = mb_log['retweeted_status']['user']['screen_name']
            created_at = mb_log['retweeted_status']['created_at']
        time_name = time_to_str(created_at)
        pic_num = 1
        print(f'======== {user_name} ========')
        # 5. 下載圖片
        for pic_id in pic_ids:
            pic_url = f'https://wx2.sinaimg.cn/large/{pic_id}.jpg'
            pic_data = requests.get(pic_url, headers)
            # 文件名 用戶名_日期(年月日時分秒)_編號.jpg
            # 例:半半子__20220212120146_1.jpg
            with open(f'{file_name}/{user_name}_{time_name}_{pic_num}.jpg', mode='wb') as f:
                f.write(pic_data.content)
                print(f'    正在下載：{pic_id}.jpg')
            pic_num += 1
        time.sleep(2)