python調用kubernetesAPI簡單使用方法

前言:

K8s也提供API接口,提供這個接口的是管理節點的apiserver組件,apiserver服務負責提供HTTP API,以便用戶、其他組件相互通信。客戶端庫

安裝

pip install kubernetes -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple

k8s認證方式:

  • HTTPS 證書認證:基於CA證書簽名的數字證書認證
  • HTTP Token認證:通過一個Token來識別用戶

HTTPS證書認證(kubeconfig)

import os
from kubernetes import client, config
config.load_kube_config(file_path)  # 指定kubeconfig配置文件
apps_api = client.AppsV1Api()  # 資源接口類實例化

for dp in apps_api.list_deployment_for_all_namespaces().items:
    print(dp)

HTTP Token認證(ServiceAccount)

from kubernetes import client, config
configuration = client.Configuration()
configuration.host = "https://192.168.3.201:16443"  # APISERVER地址
configuration.ssl_ca_cert="ca.crt"  # CA證書 /etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
configuration.verify_ssl = True   # 啟用證書驗證
configuration.api_key = {"authorization": "Bearer " + token}  # 指定Token字符串
client.Configuration.set_default(configuration)
apps_api = client.AppsV1Api() 

這2個認證,2選1

獲取Token字符串:創建service account並綁定默認cluster-admin管理員集群角色:

創建用戶:

$ kubectl create serviceaccount dashboard-admin -n kube-system

用戶授權:

$ kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin –clusterrole=cluster-admin –serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin

獲取用戶Token:

$ kubectl describe secrets -n kube-system $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | awk ‘/dashboard-admin/{print $1}’)

其他常用資源接口類實例化:

core_api = client.CoreV1Api()  # namespace,pod,service,pv,pvc
apps_api = client.AppsV1Api()  # deployment
networking_api = client.NetworkingV1beta1Api()  # ingress
storage_api = client.StorageV1Api()  # storage_class

舉個例子

Deployment操作:

# 先得有上面的認證,下面的代碼才行
# 創建
namespace = "default"
name = "api-test"
replicas = 3
labels = {'nginx':'true'}  # 不區分數據類型,都要加引號
image = "nginx"
body = client.V1Deployment(
            api_version="apps/v1",
            kind="Deployment",
            metadata=client.V1ObjectMeta(name=name),
            spec=client.V1DeploymentSpec(
                replicas=replicas,
                selector={'matchLabels': labels},
                template=client.V1PodTemplateSpec(
                    metadata=client.V1ObjectMeta(labels=labels),
                    spec=client.V1PodSpec(
                        containers=[client.V1Container(
                            name="web",
                            image=image
                        )]
                    )
                ),
            )
        )
try:
    apps_api.create_namespaced_deployment(namespace=namespace, body=body)
except Exception as e:
    status = getattr(e, "status")
    if status == 400:
        print(e)
        print("格式錯誤")
    elif status == 403:
        print("沒權限")
# 刪除
name = "api-test"
apps_api.delete_namespaced_deployment(namespace=namespace, name=name)

但其實這個API挺繞的 ,一個創建deployment的,這裡N多的類的對象。

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