Python實現mysql數據庫中的SQL文件生成和導入
1、將mysql數據導出到SQL文件中（數據庫存在的情況）
主要需要修改數據庫的相關信息，端口號、用戶名、密碼等
其中數據庫得存在，不然會報錯 ：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @description:導出數據庫文件sql
import os
class InitSql(object):
sql_file = "A.sql"
def import_server_db(self):
mysqldump_commad_dict = {'dumpcommad': 'mysqldump ', 'server': 'localhost', 'user': 'root',
'password': 'root', 'port': 3306, 'db': 'studentmanagersystem'}
# mysqldump 命令
sqlfromat = "mysqldump --column-statistics=0 -h%s -u%s -p%s -P%s %s > %s"
# 生成相應的sql語句
sql = (sqlfromat % (mysqldump_commad_dict['server'],
mysqldump_commad_dict['user'],
mysqldump_commad_dict['password'],
mysqldump_commad_dict['port'],
mysqldump_commad_dict['db'],
self.sql_file))
print("執行的導出數據庫的sql：" + sql)
result = os.system(sql)
return result
if __name__ == '__main__':
initSql = InitSql()
initSql.import_server_db()
生成的sql文件如下所示：
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 8.0.29, for Win64 (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost Database: studentmanagersystem
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version 8.0.29
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!50503 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
--
-- Table structure for table `studenttable`
--
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `studenttable`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */;
/*!50503 SET character_set_client = utf8mb4 */;
CREATE TABLE `studenttable` (
`number` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`sex` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`classes` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`floor` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`room` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`tel` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`money` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`number`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;
--
-- Dumping data for table `studenttable`
--
LOCK TABLES `studenttable` WRITE;
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `studenttable` DISABLE KEYS */;
INSERT INTO `studenttable` VALUES ('2201','劉同學','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30'),('2202','張同學','男','2班','A2','211','1121','13'),('2203','管同學','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2204','管同學','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2205','劉同學','女','2班','A3','121','1122','11'),('2206','張同學','男','2班','A2','211','1121','13'),('2208','楊同學','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30'),('2209','蔡同學','男','1班','A1','101','1112','30');
/*!40000 ALTER TABLE `studenttable` ENABLE KEYS */;
UNLOCK TABLES;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
-- Dump completed on 2022-06-05 0:30:03
2、將現有的sql文件數據導入到數據庫中（前提數據庫存在）
這裡的話其實就是將SQL文件進行分割成一條條SQL語句，然後順序執行即可
import pymysql
from pathlib import Path
class ConnectMsql:
def __init__(self, host='localhost', port=3306, user='root',
password='root', database="studentmanagersystem", filename: str = "studenttable.sql"):
"""
:param host: 域名
:param port: 端口
:param user: 用戶名
:param password: 密碼
:param database: 數據庫名
:param filename: 文件名稱
"""
self._host: str = host
self._port: int = port
self._user: str = user
self._password: str = password
self._database: str = database
self._file_path = Path(__file__).parent.joinpath(filename)
def _show_databases_and_create(self):
"""
查詢數據庫是否存在，不存在則進行新建操作
:return:
"""
connection = pymysql.connect(host=self._host, port=self._port, user=self._user, password=self._password,
cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
with connection:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute('show databases;')
result = cursor.fetchall()
results = self._database not in tuple(x["Database"] for x in result)
if results:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute(f'create database {self._database};')
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute('show databases;')
result = cursor.fetchall()
results = self._database in tuple(x["Database"] for x in result)
return results if results else result
else:
return True
def _export_databases_data(self):
"""
讀取.sql文件，解析處理後，執行sql語句
:return:
"""
if self._show_databases_and_create() is True:
connection = pymysql.connect(host=self._host, port=self._port, user=self._user, password=self._password,
database=self._database, charset='utf8')
# 讀取sql文件，並提取出sql語句
results, results_list = "", []
with open(self._file_path, mode="r+", encoding="utf-8") as r:
for sql in r.readlines():
# 去除數據中的“\n”和“\r”字符
sql = sql.replace("\n", "").replace("\r", "")
# 獲取不是“--”開頭且不是“--”結束的數據
if not sql.startswith("--") and not sql.endswith("--"):
# 獲取不是“--”的數據
if not sql.startswith("--"):
results = results + sql
# 根據“;”分割數據，處理後插入列表中
for i in results.split(";"):
if i.startswith("/*"):
results_list.append(i.split("*/")[1] + ";")
# print(i.split("*/")[1] + ";")
else:
results_list.append(i + ";")
# print(i + ";")
# 執行sql語句
with connection:
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
# 循環獲取sql語句
for x in results_list[:-1]:
if x != ";":
print(x)
# 執行sql語句
cursor.execute(x)
# 提交事務
connection.commit()
else:
return "sql全部語句執行成功 ！"
@property
def sql_run(self):
"""
執行方法
:return:
"""
return self._export_databases_data()
if __name__ == '__main__':
res = ConnectMsql().sql_run
print(res)
利用Navicat軟件可視化數據庫，可以看到導入SQL文件成功
3、利用Navicat導出SQL文件和導入SQL文件
1）從數據庫導出SQL文件
選擇需要導出的數據表——右鍵——轉儲為SQL文件——數據和結構
這樣就可以將數據表的結構和數據都一起保存在SQL文件中
2）導入SQL文件到數據庫
右鍵選中需要導入的數據庫——運行SQL文件
點擊開始後，即開始運行SQL文件，出現下述字樣表明導入SQL文件成功
到此這篇關於Python實現mysql數據庫中的SQL文件生成和導入的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關SQL文件生成內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet！
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