HttpClient詳細使用示例代碼

1、導入依賴

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.3</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.58</version>
</dependency>

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
     <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
     <version>4.5.3</version>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
     <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId>
     <version>4.4.13</version>
 </dependency>
 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.7</version>
</dependency>

2、使用工具類

該工具類將get請求和post請求當中幾種傳參方式都寫瞭,其中有get地址欄傳參、get的params傳參、post的params傳參、post的json傳參。

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpClientUtil {

    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtil.class);

    private static final int DEFULT_TIMEOUT = 30 * 1000;//默認超時時間20秒

    /**
     * 可以訪問  http://localhost:9005/yzhwsj/addPersonal/1/2 這樣的接口
     * @param url
     * @param headers
     * @param urlParam
     * @param timeout
     * @return
     */
    private static String doUrlGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, List<String> urlParam, Integer timeout) {
        //創建httpClient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String resultString = null;
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            //創建uri
            if (urlParam != null){
                for (String param : urlParam) {
                    url = url + "/" + param;
                }
            }
            //創建hTTP get請求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
            //設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
            //設置頭信息
            if (null != headers) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpGet.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }
            //執行請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("http調用異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != response) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("response關閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("httpClient關閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * @param url
     * @param headers
     * @param params
     * @param timeout
     * @return
     */
    private static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, Object> params, Integer timeout) {
        //創建httpClient對象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String resultString = null;
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        try {
            // 1.創建uri
            URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
            if (params != null) {
                //uri添加參數
                for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                    builder.addParameter(key, String.valueOf(params.get(key)));
                }
            }
            URI uri = builder.build();
            // 2.創建hTTP get請求
            HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);
            // 3.設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
            // 4.設置頭信息
            if (null != headers) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpGet.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }
            // 5.執行請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
            if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
            logger.error("http調用異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("http調用異常" + e.toString(), e);

        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != response) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("response關閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("httpClient關閉異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * 調用http post請求(json數據)
     *
     * @param url
     * @param headers
     * @param json
     * @return
     */
    public static String doJsonPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, JSONObject json, Integer timeout) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 1.創建http post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 2.設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            // 3.設置參數信息
            StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json.toString(), Consts.UTF_8);
            // 發送json數據需要設置的contentType
            s.setContentType("application/json");
            httpPost.setEntity(s);
            // 4.設置頭信息
            if (headers != null) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }
            // 5.執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != response) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉response異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }

    /**
     * 調用http post請求 基礎方法
     *
     * @param url     請求的url
     * @param headers 請求頭
     * @param params  參數
     * @param timeout 超時時間
     * @return
     */
    public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, Object> params, Integer timeout) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        String resultString = "";
        try {
            // 1.創建http post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            // 2.設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
            // 3.設置參數信息
            if (params != null) {
                List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
                for (String key : params.keySet()) {
                    paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, String.valueOf(params.get(key))));
                }
                // 模擬表單
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, Consts.UTF_8);
                httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            }
            // 4.設置頭信息
            if (headers != null) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }
            // 5.執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("調用http異常" + e.toString(), e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != response) {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉response異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
        return resultString;
    }
    
	/**
     * 通過httpClient上傳文件
     *
     * @param url      請求的URL
     * @param headers  請求頭參數
     * @param path     文件路徑
     * @param fileName 文件名稱
     * @param timeout  超時時間
     * @return
     */
    public static String UploadFileByHttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> headers, String path, String fileName, Integer timeout) {
        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        InputStream content = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            // 1.創建http post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            // 2.設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

            // 3.設置參數信息
            // HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532參數的設定是為避免文件名為中文時亂碼
            MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532);
            // 上傳文件的路徑
            File file = new File(path + File.separator + fileName);
            builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
            builder.addBinaryBody("file", file, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, fileName);
            HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

            // 4.設置頭信息
            if (headers != null) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }

            // 5.執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("上傳文件失敗:", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != content) {
                    content.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉content異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != in) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉in異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }
 }

	/**
     * 通過httpClient批量上傳文件
     *
     * @param url     請求的URL
     * @param headers 請求頭參數
     * @param params  參數
     * @param paths   文件路徑(key文件名稱,value路徑)
     * @param timeout 超時時間
     * @return
     */
    public static String UploadFilesByHttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> headers, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> paths, Integer timeout) {
        String resultString = "";
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        InputStream content = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            // 1.創建http post請求
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

            // 2.設置超時時間
            int timeoutTmp = DEFULT_TIMEOUT;
            if (timeout != null) {
                timeoutTmp = timeout;
            }
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeoutTmp)
                    .setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeoutTmp).setSocketTimeout(timeoutTmp).build();
            httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);

            // 3.設置文件信息
            // HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532參數的設定是為避免文件名為中文時亂碼
            MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.RFC6532);
            builder.setCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
            // 上傳文件的路徑
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> m : paths.entrySet()) {
                File file = new File(m.getValue() + File.separator + m.getKey());
                builder.addBinaryBody("files", file, ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, m.getKey());
            }

            // 4.設置參數信息
            ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
            for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : params.entrySet()) {
                builder.addTextBody(param.getKey(), param.getValue(), contentType);
            }
            HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);

            // 5.設置頭信息
            if (headers != null) {
                for (String key : headers.keySet()) {
                    httpPost.setHeader(key, headers.get(key));
                }
            }

            // 6.執行http請求
            response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), Consts.UTF_8);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("上傳文件失敗:", e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (null != httpClient) {
                    httpClient.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉httpClient異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != content) {
                    content.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉content異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
            try {
                if (null != in) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                logger.error("關閉in異常" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }

        return resultString;
    }

3、擴展

上面的工具類,方法都攜帶瞭token和超時時間,假如接口用不到可以做接口拓展。例如:

/**
 * 調用http get請求
 *
 * @param url
 * @param params
 * @return
 */
public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
    return doGet(url, null, params, null);
}

如果涉及到put請求和delete請求,跟上面都差不多,隻不過創建請求的時候改為:

HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete();
HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut();

到此這篇關於HttpClient詳細使用示例的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關HttpClient使用內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet!

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