安裝python依賴包psycopg2來調用postgresql的操作

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1、先安裝psycopg2的依賴組件

本案例的操作系統為linux red hat

在安裝python依賴包psycopg之前，你必須需要先安裝postgresql數據庫的相關組件：

postgresql-devel,postgresql,postgresql-libs這三個組件比較重要。另外，可選組件：postgresql-server

安裝上述組件之前，可以用命令來查看你的系統現在是否已經安裝瞭相關組件：

[root@dthost27 ~]# rpm -qa | grep PostgreSQL

如果都沒有安裝，則可執行命令如下：

[root@dthost27 ~]# yum install postgresql-devel

(安裝過程中會順帶安裝上postgresql和postgresql-libs組件)

2、安裝psycopg2依賴包

保證依賴組件存在後，就可以使用pip命令安裝瞭：

[root@dthost27 ~]# pip install psycopg2-binary

註：這裡安裝的是binary格式的psycopg2依賴包，其實安裝psycopg2也可以，但是有時候執行pip install psycopg2會報錯，而安裝psycopg2-binary（編譯後）則不會

啟動python測試

import psycopg2

補充：安裝psycopg2報錯_解決方案

報錯信息

(python3-virtualenv) [root@vl-bg-anaylsis02 extract_log]# pip3 install psycopg2
Collecting psycopg2
 Using cached psycopg2-2.8.4.tar.gz (377 kB)
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /disk2/extract_log/python3-virtualenv/bin/python3 -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' egg_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info
     cwd: /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/
  Complete output (23 lines):
  running egg_info
  creating /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info/psycopg2.egg-info
  writing /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info/psycopg2.egg-info/PKG-INFO
  writing dependency_links to /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info/psycopg2.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
  writing top-level names to /tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info/psycopg2.egg-info/top_level.txt
  writing manifest file '/tmp/pip-install-2d9wyu3k/psycopg2/pip-egg-info/psycopg2.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'

  Error: pg_config executable not found.

  pg_config is required to build psycopg2 from source. Please add the directory
  containing pg_config to the $PATH or specify the full executable path with the
  option:

    python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

  or with the pg_config option in 'setup.cfg'.

  If you prefer to avoid building psycopg2 from source, please install the PyPI
  'psycopg2-binary' package instead.

  For further information please check the 'doc/src/install.rst' file (also at
  <http://initd.org/psycopg/docs/install.html>).

  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: python setup.py egg_info Check the logs for full command output.

解決方案 For ubuntu

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python3-dev

解決方案 For Fedora/Centos

yum install -y postgresql10
yum install postgresql-libs python3-devel postgresql-devel
yum install gcc

以上為個人經驗，希望能給大傢一個參考，也希望大傢多多支持WalkonNet。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方，望不吝賜教。

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