教你如何使用Python Tkinter庫制作記事本
Tkinter庫制作記事本
現在為瞭創建這個記事本，你的系統中應該已經安裝瞭 Python 3 和 Tkinter。您可以根據系統要求下載合適的python 包。成功安裝 python 後，您需要安裝 Tkinter（一個 Python 的 GUI 包）。
使用此命令安裝 Tkinter ：
pip install python-tk
導入 Tkinter ：
import tkinter import os from tkinter import * from tkinter.messagebox import * from tkinter.filedialog import *
註意： messagebox用於在稱為記事本的白框中寫入消息，filedialog用於在您從系統中的任何位置打開文件或將文件保存在特定位置或位置時出現的對話框。
添加菜單：
# Add controls(widget)
self.__thisTextArea.grid(sticky = N + E + S + W)
# To open new file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "New",
command = self.__newFile)
# To open a already existing file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Open",
command = self.__openFile)
# To save current file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Save",
command = self.__saveFile)
# To create a line in the dialog
self.__thisFileMenu.add_separator()
# To terminate
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label = "Exit",
command = self.__quitApplication)
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "File",
menu = self.__thisFileMenu)
# To give a feature of cut
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Cut",
command = self.__cut)
# To give a feature of copy
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Copy",
command = self.__copy)
# To give a feature of paste
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label = "Paste",
command = self.__paste)
# To give a feature of editing
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "Edit",
menu = self.__thisEditMenu)
# To create a feature of description of the notepad
self.__thisHelpMenu.add_command(label = "About Notepad",
command = self.__showAbout)
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label = "Help",
menu = self.__thisHelpMenu)
self.__root.config(menu = self.__thisMenuBar)
self.__thisScrollBar.pack(side = RIGHT, fill = Y)
# Scrollbar will adjust automatically
# according to the content
self.__thisScrollBar.config(command = self.__thisTextArea.yview)
self.__thisTextArea.config(yscrollcommand = self.__thisScrollBar.set)
使用此代碼，我們將在記事本的窗口中添加菜單，並向其中添加復制、粘貼、保存等內容。
添加功能：
def __quitApplication(self):
self.__root.destroy()
# exit()
def __showAbout(self):
showinfo("Notepad", "Mrinal Verma")
def __openFile(self):
self.__file = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),
("Text Documents","*.txt")])
if self.__file == "":
# no file to open
self.__file = None
else:
# try to open the file
# set the window title
self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")
self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END)
file = open(self.__file,"r")
self.__thisTextArea.insert(1.0,file.read())
file.close()
def __newFile(self):
self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")
self.__file = None
self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0,END)
def __saveFile(self):
if self.__file == None:
#save as new file
self.__file = asksaveasfilename(initialfile='Untitled.txt',
defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("All Files","*.*"),
("Text Documents","*.txt")])
if self.__file == "":
self.__file = None
else:
# try to save the file
file = open(self.__file,"w")
file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))
file.close()
# change the window title
self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")
else:
file = open(self.__file,"w")
file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0,END))
file.close()
def __cut(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Cut>>")
def __copy(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Copy>>")
def __paste(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Paste>>")
在這裡，我們添加瞭記事本中所需的所有功能，您也可以添加其他功能，例如字體大小、字體顏色、粗體、下劃線等。
合並後的主要代碼：
import tkinter
import os
from tkinter import *
from tkinter.messagebox import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
class Notepad:
__root = Tk()
# default window width and height
__thisWidth = 300
__thisHeight = 300
__thisTextArea = Text(__root)
__thisMenuBar = Menu(__root)
__thisFileMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)
__thisEditMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)
__thisHelpMenu = Menu(__thisMenuBar, tearoff=0)
# To add scrollbar
__thisScrollBar = Scrollbar(__thisTextArea)
__file = None
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
# Set icon
try:
self.__root.wm_iconbitmap("Notepad.ico")
except:
pass
# Set window size (the default is 300x300)
try:
self.__thisWidth = kwargs['width']
except KeyError:
pass
try:
self.__thisHeight = kwargs['height']
except KeyError:
pass
# Set the window text
self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")
# Center the window
screenWidth = self.__root.winfo_screenwidth()
screenHeight = self.__root.winfo_screenheight()
# For left-alling
left = (screenWidth / 2) - (self.__thisWidth / 2)
# For right-allign
top = (screenHeight / 2) - (self.__thisHeight / 2)
# For top and bottom
self.__root.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (self.__thisWidth,
self.__thisHeight,
left, top))
# To make the textarea auto resizable
self.__root.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.__root.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
# Add controls (widget)
self.__thisTextArea.grid(sticky=N + E + S + W)
# To open new file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="New",
command=self.__newFile)
# To open a already existing file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Open",
command=self.__openFile)
# To save current file
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Save",
command=self.__saveFile)
# To create a line in the dialog
self.__thisFileMenu.add_separator()
self.__thisFileMenu.add_command(label="Exit",
command=self.__quitApplication)
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="File",
menu=self.__thisFileMenu)
# To give a feature of cut
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Cut",
command=self.__cut)
# to give a feature of copy
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Copy",
command=self.__copy)
# To give a feature of paste
self.__thisEditMenu.add_command(label="Paste",
command=self.__paste)
# To give a feature of editing
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="Edit",
menu=self.__thisEditMenu)
# To create a feature of description of the notepad
self.__thisHelpMenu.add_command(label="About Notepad",
command=self.__showAbout)
self.__thisMenuBar.add_cascade(label="Help",
menu=self.__thisHelpMenu)
self.__root.config(menu=self.__thisMenuBar)
self.__thisScrollBar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)
# Scrollbar will adjust automatically according to the content
self.__thisScrollBar.config(command=self.__thisTextArea.yview)
self.__thisTextArea.config(yscrollcommand=self.__thisScrollBar.set)
def __quitApplication(self):
self.__root.destroy()
# exit()
def __showAbout(self):
showinfo("Notepad", "Mrinal Verma")
def __openFile(self):
self.__file = askopenfilename(defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("All Files", "*.*"),
("Text Documents", "*.txt")])
if self.__file == "":
# no file to open
self.__file = None
else:
# Try to open the file
# set the window title
self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")
self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0, END)
file = open(self.__file, "r")
self.__thisTextArea.insert(1.0, file.read())
file.close()
def __newFile(self):
self.__root.title("Untitled - Notepad")
self.__file = None
self.__thisTextArea.delete(1.0, END)
def __saveFile(self):
if self.__file == None:
# Save as new file
self.__file = asksaveasfilename(initialfile='Untitled.txt',
defaultextension=".txt",
filetypes=[("All Files", "*.*"),
("Text Documents", "*.txt")])
if self.__file == "":
self.__file = None
else:
# Try to save the file
file = open(self.__file, "w")
file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0, END))
file.close()
# Change the window title
self.__root.title(os.path.basename(self.__file) + " - Notepad")
else:
file = open(self.__file, "w")
file.write(self.__thisTextArea.get(1.0, END))
file.close()
def __cut(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Cut>>")
def __copy(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Copy>>")
def __paste(self):
self.__thisTextArea.event_generate("<<Paste>>")
def run(self):
# Run main application
self.__root.mainloop()
# Run main application
notepad = Notepad(width=600, height=400)
notepad.run()
要運行此代碼，請使用擴展名.py保存它，然後打開 cmd（命令提示符）並移動到保存文件的位置，然後編寫以下內容
python "filename".py
然後按回車，它就會運行。或者可以通過簡單地雙擊您的.py擴展文件直接運行。
到此這篇關於教你如何使用Python Tkinter庫制作記事本的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關Tkinter庫制作記事本內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet！
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