SpringBoot整合Sharding-JDBC實現MySQL8讀寫分離
一.前言
這是一個基於SpringBoot整合Sharding-JDBC實現讀寫分離的極簡教程，筆者使用到的技術及版本如下：
- SpringBoot 2.5.2
- MyBatis-Plus 3.4.3
- Sharding-JDBC 4.1.1
- MySQL8集群（看筆者前一篇文章有部署教程）
二.項目目錄結構
三.pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>xyz.hcworld</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>sharding-jdbc-demo</name>
<description>多數據源切換實例</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-plus依賴 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驅動 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- sharding-jdbc（多數據源切換） -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
四.配置文件（基於YAML）及SQL建表語句
spring:
main:
allow-bean-definition-overriding: true
#顯示sql
shardingsphere:
props:
sql:
show: true
masterslave:
#配置主從名稱
name: ms
#置主庫master,負責數據的寫入
master-data-source-name: ds1
#配置從庫slave節點
slave-data-source-names: ds2,ds3
#配置slave節點的負載均衡均衡策略,采用輪詢機制，有兩種算法：round_robin(輪詢)和random(隨機)
load-balance-algorithm-type: round_robin
sharding:
#配置默認數據源ds1 默認數據源,主要用於寫
default-data-source-name: ds1
# 配置數據源
datasource:
names: ds1,ds2,ds3
#master-ds1數據庫連接信息
ds1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3307/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#slave-ds2數據庫連接信息
ds2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3308/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#slave-ds3數據庫連接信息
ds3:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.142:3309/sharding-jdbc-db?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password: 123456
maxPoolSize: 100
minPoolSize: 5
#mybatis-plus配置
mybatis-plus:
type-aliases-package: xyz.hcworld.demo.model
mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml
CREATE TABLE `t_user` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `nickname` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `password` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `sex` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `birthday` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
五.Mapper.xml文件及Mapper接口
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper.UserMapper">
<update id="addUser">
INSERT INTO t_user(nickname,PASSWORD,sex,birthday) VALUES(#{nickname},#{password},#{sex},#{birthday})
</update>
<select id="findUsers" resultType="xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User">
SELECT
id,
nickname,
PASSWORD,
sex,
birthday
FROM t_user;
</select>
</mapper>
package xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ClassName: UserMapper
* @Author: 張紅塵
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@Component
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper<User> {
void addUser(User user);
List<User> findUsers();
}
六 .Controller及Mocel文件
package xyz.hcworld.demo.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.mapper.UserMapper;
import xyz.hcworld.demo.model.User;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @ClassName: UserController
* @Author: 張紅塵
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@PostMapping("/save")
public String addUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setNickname("zhangsan" + new SecureRandom().nextInt());
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setSex(1);
user.setBirthday("1997-12-03");
userMapper.addUser(user);
return user.toString();
}
@GetMapping("/findUsers")
public List<User> findUsers() {
return userMapper.findUsers();
}
}
package xyz.hcworld.demo.model;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableName;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
/**
* @ClassName: User
* @Author: 張紅塵
* @Date: 2021-07-20
* @Version： 1.0
*/
@Data
@TableName("t_user")
public class User {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@TableId(value = "id", type = IdType.AUTO)
private Integer id;
private String nickname;
private String password;
private Integer sex;
private String birthday;
}
七.結果
從結果可以看出，寫入操作全部通過ds1數據庫（master）數據庫完成，而讀操作因為設置瞭輪詢的緣故，由ds2（slaver）、ds3（slaver2）數據庫完成。這樣就實現瞭基於一主二從的數據庫集群的讀寫分離操作。
八.Sharding-JDBC不同版本上的配置
網上Sharding-JDBC的教程多為4.0.0.RC1版本，筆者使用的是最新的4.1.1所以
在該部分數據庫地址在4.1.1為jdbc-url在4.0.0.RC1上需要改為url否則會啟動失敗
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://XXXX/XXXX
且網上教程多為properties文件，筆者將其轉變為YAML文件更加能直觀感受
項目下載
GitHub:https://github.com/z875479694h/sharding-jdbc-demo
到此這篇關於SpringBoot整合Sharding-JDBC實現MySQL8讀寫分離的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關SpringBoot Sharding-JDBC MySQL8讀寫分離內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet！
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