Flask wtforms實現表單驗證使用

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wtforms

安裝:pip3 install wtforms

使用1(簡單版)：

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect
from wtforms import Form
from wtforms.fields import simple
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import widgets

app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='templates')

app.debug = True


class LoginForm(Form):
    # 字段（內部包含正則表達式）
    name = simple.StringField(
        label='用戶名',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='用戶名不能為空.'),
            validators.Length(min=6, max=18, message='用戶名長度必須大於%(min)d且小於%(max)d')
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(), # 頁面上顯示的插件
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}

    )
    # 字段（內部包含正則表達式）
    pwd = simple.PasswordField(
        label='密碼',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='密碼不能為空.'),
            validators.Length(min=8, message='用戶名長度必須大於%(min)d'),
            validators.Regexp(regex="^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\d)(?=.*[$@$!%*?&])[A-Za-z\d$@$!%*?&]{8,}",
                              message='密碼至少8個字符，至少1個大寫字母，1個小寫字母，1個數字和1個特殊字符')

        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )



@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = LoginForm()
        return render_template('login.html', form=form)
    else:
        form = LoginForm(formdata=request.form)
        if form.validate():
            print('用戶提交數據通過格式驗證，提交的值為：', form.data)
        else:
            print(form.errors)
        return render_template('login.html', form=form)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登錄</h1>
<form method="post">
    <p>{{form.name.label}} {{form.name}} {{form.name.errors[0] }}</p>

    <p>{{form.pwd.label}} {{form.pwd}} {{form.pwd.errors[0] }}</p>
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

使用2(復雜版)：

from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect
from wtforms import Form
from wtforms.fields import core
from wtforms.fields import html5
from wtforms.fields import simple
from wtforms import validators
from wtforms import widgets

app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='templates')
app.debug = True



class RegisterForm(Form):
    name = simple.StringField(
        label='用戶名',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired()
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'},
        default='alex'
    )

    pwd = simple.PasswordField(
        label='密碼',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='密碼不能為空.')
        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    pwd_confirm = simple.PasswordField(
        label='重復密碼',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='重復密碼不能為空.'),
            validators.EqualTo('pwd', message="兩次密碼輸入不一致")  # EqualTo也可以做密碼驗證
        ],
        widget=widgets.PasswordInput(),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    email = html5.EmailField(
        label='郵箱',
        validators=[
            validators.DataRequired(message='郵箱不能為空.'),
            validators.Email(message='郵箱格式錯誤')
        ],
        widget=widgets.TextInput(input_type='email'),
        render_kw={'class': 'form-control'}
    )

    gender = core.RadioField(
        label='性別',
        choices=(
            (1, '男'),
            (2, '女'),
        ),
        coerce=int # “1” “2”
     )
    city = core.SelectField(
        label='城市',
        choices=(
            ('bj', '北京'),
            ('sh', '上海'),
        )
    )

    hobby = core.SelectMultipleField(
        label='愛好',
        choices=(
            (1, '籃球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        coerce=int
    )

    favor = core.SelectMultipleField(
        label='喜好',
        choices=(
            (1, '籃球'),
            (2, '足球'),
        ),
        widget=widgets.ListWidget(prefix_label=False),
        option_widget=widgets.CheckboxInput(),
        coerce=int,
        default=[1, 2]
    )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(RegisterForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.favor.choices = ((1, '籃球'), (2, '足球'), (3, '羽毛球'))

    def validate_pwd_confirm(self, field):
        """
        自定義pwd_confirm字段規則，例：與pwd字段是否一致
        :param field:
        :return:
        """
        # 最開始初始化時，self.data中已經有所有的值

        if field.data != self.data['pwd']:
            # raise validators.ValidationError("密碼不一致") # 繼續後續驗證
            raise validators.StopValidation("密碼不一致")  # 不再繼續後續驗證


@app.route('/register', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        form = RegisterForm(data={'gender': 2,'hobby':[1,]}) # initial
        return render_template('register.html', form=form)
    else:
        form = RegisterForm(formdata=request.form)
        if form.validate():
            print('用戶提交數據通過格式驗證，提交的值為：', form.data)
        else:
            print(form.errors)
        return render_template('register.html', form=form)



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

register.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用戶註冊</h1>
<form method="post" novalidate style="padding:0  50px">
    {% for field in form %}
    <p>{{field.label}}: {{field}} {{field.errors[0] }}</p>
    {% endfor %}
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

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