SpringMVC實現文件上傳下載的全過程
前言
文件的上傳和下載都是基於io復制,隻不過
文件上傳是瀏覽器向服務器發送報文
文件下載是服務器向瀏覽器發送報文
提示：以下是本篇文章正文內容，下面案例可供參考
一、通用配置
pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!-- SpringMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ServletAPI -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring5和Thymeleaf整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- springMVC end-->
<!-- 導入spring坐標-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入測試坐標-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 測試坐標-->
<!-- 導入集成測試坐標-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成測試坐標end-->
<!-- 導入mysql坐標-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.24</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql坐標end-->
<!-- 導入druid連接池-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入druid連接池end-->
<!-- 導入spring上下文-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.11</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入spring上下文end-->
<!-- 導入spring web開發api start-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入spring web開發end-->
<!-- 導入jackson的依賴-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.12.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--上傳功能的關鍵jar -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
上傳功能的關鍵jar
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置springMVC的編碼過濾器-->
<!-- SpringMVC中處理編碼的過濾器一定要配置到其他過濾器之前，否則無效-->
<!-- 字符集過濾器 -->
<filter>
<description>字符集過濾器</description>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<description>字符集編碼</description>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 字符集攔截 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 註冊前端控制器DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
springMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 掃描組件-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.vector"/>
<!-- 配置Thymeleaf視圖解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<!-- 視圖前綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
<!-- 視圖後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 處理響應中文內容亂碼 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="defaultCharset" value="UTF-8" />
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html</value>
<value>application/json</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"/>
<mvc:view-controller path="/file" view-name="file"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--必須通過文件解析器的解析才能將文件轉換為MultipartFile對象-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"></bean>
</beans>
實現頁面跳轉,vue文件解析,上傳內容解析的關鍵
file.html內容demo
<body>
<a th:href="@{/testDown}" rel="external nofollow" >下載1.jpg</a>
<form th:action="@{/testUp}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
頭像: <input type="file" name="photo"><br>
<input type="submit" value="上傳">
</form>
</body>
二、實現文件下載,上傳功能
package com.vector.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.UUID;
@Controller
public class FileUpAndDownController {
@RequestMapping("/testDown")
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testResponseEntity(HttpSession session) throws IOException {
//獲取ServletContext對象
ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
//獲取服務器中文件的真實路徑
String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/static/img/1.jpg");
//創建輸入流
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(realPath);
//創建字節數組
byte[] bytes = new byte[is.available()];
//將流讀到字節數組中
is.read(bytes);
//創建HttpHeaders對象設置響應頭信息
MultiValueMap<String, String> headers = new HttpHeaders();
//設置要下載方式以及下載文件的名字
//Content-Disposition 固定回復內容格式 attachment以附件形式下載 filename=1.jpg文件名
//可以將filename拼接為動態命名
headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=1.jpg");
//設置響應狀態碼
HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
//創建ResponseEntity對象
ResponseEntity<byte[]> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<>(bytes, headers, statusCode);
//關閉輸入流
is.close();
return responseEntity;
}
@RequestMapping("/testUp")
public String testUp(@Value("multipartResolver") MultipartFile photo,HttpSession session) throws IOException {
//獲取上傳的文件的文件名
String fileName = photo.getOriginalFilename();
//處理文件重名問題
//重名問題是java.io中寫入同一文件默認覆蓋原文件內容導致圖片被覆蓋.
//獲取文件名後綴
String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));
//將UUID作為文件名 uuid是32位隨機數,幾乎不可能會重復
fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + suffixName;
//獲取服務器中photo目錄的路徑
ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
String photoPath = servletContext.getRealPath("photo");
File file = new File(photoPath);
//判斷服務器是否存在該路徑
if(!file.exists()){
file.mkdir();
}
String finalPath = photoPath + File.separator + fileName;
//實現上傳功能
photo.transferTo(new File(finalPath));
return "success";
}
}
下載功能測試
上傳功能測試
總結
到此這篇關於SpringMVC實現文件上傳下載的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關SpringMVC文件上傳下載內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet！
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