Java安全框架——Shiro的使用詳解(附springboot整合Shiro的demo)

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Shiro簡介

  1. Apache Shiro是一個強大且易用的Java安全框架,執行身份驗證、授權、密碼和會話管理
  2. 三個核心組件：Subject, SecurityManager 和 Realms
  3. Subject代表瞭當前用戶的安全操作
  4. SecurityManager管理所有用戶的安全操作，是Shiro框架的核心，Shiro通過SecurityManager來管理內部組件實例，並通過它來提供安全管理的各種服務。
  5. Realm充當瞭Shiro與應用安全數據間的“橋梁”或者“連接器”。也就是說，當對用戶執行認證（登錄）和授權（訪問控制）驗證時，Shiro會從應用配置的Realm中查找用戶及其權限信息。
  6. Realm實質上是一個安全相關的DAO：它封裝瞭數據源的連接細節，並在需要時將相關數據提供給Shiro。當配置Shiro時，你必須至少指定一個Realm，用於認證和（或）授權。配置多個Realm是可以的，但是至少需要一個。

Shiro快速入門

導入依賴

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- configure logging -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>

配置log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

配置Shiro.ini（在IDEA中需要導入ini插件）

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

快速入門實現類 quickStart.java

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class quickStart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(quickStart.class);

    /*
        Shiro三大對象：
                Subject： 用戶
                SecurityManager：管理所有用戶
                Realm： 連接數據
     */


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 創建帶有配置的Shiro SecurityManager的最簡單方法
        // realms, users, roles and permissions 是使用簡單的INI配置。
        // 我們將使用可以提取.ini文件的工廠來完成此操作，
        // 返回一個SecurityManager實例：

        // 在類路徑的根目錄下使用shiro.ini文件
        // (file：和url：前綴分別從文件和url加載):
        //Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        //SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
        DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
        IniRealm iniRealm = new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");
        securityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);

        // 對於這個簡單的示例快速入門，請使SecurityManager
        // 可作為JVM單例訪問。大多數應用程序都不會這樣做
        // 而是依靠其容器配置或web.xml進行
        // webapps。這超出瞭此簡單快速入門的范圍，因此
        // 我們隻做最低限度的工作，這樣您就可以繼續感受事物.
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 現在已經建立瞭一個簡單的Shiro環境，讓我們看看您可以做什麼：

        // 獲取當前用戶對象 Subject
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 使用Session做一些事情（不需要Web或EJB容器！！！
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();//通過當前用戶拿到Session
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 判斷當前用戶是否被認證
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            //token ： 令牌，沒有獲取，隨機
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true); // 設置記住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);//執行登陸操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {//打印出  用戶名
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {//打印出 密碼
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... 在此處捕獲更多異常（也許是針對您的應用程序的自定義異常？
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();//註銷

        System.exit(0);//退出
    }
}

啟動測試

SpringBoot-Shiro整合（最後會附上完整代碼）

前期工作

導入shiro-spring整合包依賴

<!--  shiro-spring整合包 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.1</version>
</dependency>

跳轉的頁面
index.html

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>| <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>

</body>
</html>

add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>add</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>add</p>
</body>
</html>

update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>update</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>update</p>
</body>
</html>

編寫shiro的配置類ShiroConfig.java

package com.example.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //3. ShiroFilterFactoryBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getshiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("SecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //設置安全管理器
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

        return factoryBean;
    }

    //2.創建DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name = "SecurityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager SecurityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //3.關聯Realm
        SecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return SecurityManager;
    }
    //1.創建Realm對象
    @Bean(name = "userRealm")
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }

}

編寫UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {


    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權");
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認證");
        return null;
    }
}

編寫controller測試環境是否搭建好

package com.example.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add(){
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update(){
        return "user/update";
    }
}

實現登錄攔截

在ShiroConfig.java文件中添加攔截

Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //對/user/*下的文件隻有擁有authc權限的才能訪問
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        //將Map存放到ShiroFilterFactoryBean中
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

這樣，代碼跑起來，你點擊add或者update就會出現404錯誤，這時候，我們再繼續添加，讓它跳轉到我們自定義的登錄頁

添加登錄攔截到登錄頁

        //需進行權限認證時跳轉到toLogin
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        //權限認證失敗時跳轉到unauthorized
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized");

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="">
    用戶名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

視圖跳轉添加一個login頁面跳轉

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

上面，我們已經成功攔截瞭，現在我們來實現用戶認證

首先，我們需要一個登錄頁面

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    用戶名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

其次，去controller編寫跳轉到登錄頁面

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
        //獲得當前的用戶
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //封裝用戶數據
        UsernamePasswordToken taken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);

        try{//執行登陸操作，沒有發生異常就說明登陸成功
            subject.login(taken);
            return "index";
        }catch (UnknownAccountException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","用戶名錯誤");
            return "login";
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯誤");
            return "login";
        }

    }

最後去UserRealm.java配置認證

   //認證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認證");

        String name = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶名錯誤那個異常
        }

        //密碼認證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }

運行測試，成功！！！

附上最後的完整代碼

pom.xml引入的依賴

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.4</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-08-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot-08-shiro</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <!--  shiro-spring整合包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

靜態資源

index.html

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>| <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>

</body>
</html>

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
<form th:action="@{/login}">
    用戶名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密碼:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit">
</form>


</body>
</html>

add.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>add</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>add</p>
</body>
</html>

update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>update</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>update</p>
</body>
</html>

controller層

MyController.java

package com.example.controller;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {

    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,shiro");
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/add")
    public String add(){
        return "user/add";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/user/update")
    public String update(){
        return "user/update";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin(){
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(String username,String password,Model model){
        //獲得當前的用戶
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //封裝用戶數據
        UsernamePasswordToken taken = new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password);

        try{//執行登陸操作，沒有發生異常就說明登陸成功
            subject.login(taken);
            return "index";
        }catch (UnknownAccountException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","用戶名錯誤");
            return "login";
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
            model.addAttribute("msg","密碼錯誤");
            return "login";
        }

    }

}

config文件

ShiroConfig.java

package com.example.config;

import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
    //4. ShiroFilterFactoryBean
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getshiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("SecurityManager") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean factoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        //5. 設置安全管理器
        factoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);

        /*  shiro內置過濾器
            anon	無需授權、登錄就可以訪問，所有人可訪。
            authc	 需要登錄授權才能訪問。
            authcBasic	Basic HTTP身份驗證攔截器
            logout	退出攔截器。退出成功後，會 redirect到設置的/URI
            noSessionCreation	不創建會話連接器
            perms	授權攔截器，擁有對某個資源的權限才可訪問
            port	端口攔截器
            rest	rest風格攔截器
            roles	角色攔截器，擁有某個角色的權限才可訪問
            ssl	ssl攔截器。通過https協議才能通過
            user	用戶攔截器，需要有remember me功能方可使用
         */
        Map<String,String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //對/user/*下的文件隻有擁有authc權限的才能訪問
        filterMap.put("/user/*","authc");
        //將Map存放到ShiroFilterFactoryBean中
        factoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
        //需進行權限認證時跳轉到toLogin
        factoryBean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
        //權限認證失敗時跳轉到unauthorized
        factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/unauthorized");

        return factoryBean;
    }

    //2.創建DefaultWebSecurityManager
    @Bean(name = "SecurityManager")
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
        DefaultWebSecurityManager SecurityManager=new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        //3.關聯Realm
        SecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
        return SecurityManager;
    }
    //1.創建Realm對象
    @Bean(name = "userRealm")
    public UserRealm userRealm(){
        return new UserRealm();
    }

}

UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    //授權
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權");
        return null;
    }
    //認證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認證");

        String name = "root";
        String password = "123456";

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        if (!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶名錯誤那個異常
        }

        //密碼認證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
    }
}

但是，我們在用戶認證這裡，真實情況是從數據庫中取的，所以，我們接下來去實現一下從數據庫中取出數據來實現用戶認證

Shiro整合mybatis

前期工作

在前面導入的依賴中，繼續添加以下依賴

        <!--  mysql      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--   log4j     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--  數據源Druid      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--   引入mybatis     -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--  lombok      -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

導入瞭mybatis和Druid，就去application.properties配置一下和Druid
Druid

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 自定義數據源

    #Spring Boot 默認是不註入這些屬性值的，需要自己綁定
    #druid 數據源專有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true

    #配置監控統計攔截的filters，stat:監控統計、log4j：日志記錄、wall：防禦sql註入
    #如果允許時報錯  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #則導入 log4j 依賴即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

mybatis

mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.example.pojo
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml

連接數據庫
編寫實體類

package com.example.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
        private Integer id;
        private String name;
        private String pwd;
}

編寫mapper

package com.example.mapper;

import com.example.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    public User getUserByName(String name);
}

編寫mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.example.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="getUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
        select * from mybatis.user where name=#{name}
    </select>

</mapper>

編寫service

package com.example.service;

import com.example.pojo.User;

public interface UserService {
    public User getUserByName(String name);
}


package com.example.service;

import com.example.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.example.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired
    UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public User getUserByName(String name) {
        return userMapper.getUserByName(name);
    }
}

使用數據庫中的數據

修改UserRealm.java即可

package com.example.config;


import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    //授權
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權");
        return null;
    }
    //認證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認證");

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        //連接真實的數據庫
        User user = userService.getUserByName(userToken.getUsername());

        if (user==null){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶名錯誤那個異常
        }

        //密碼認證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");
    }
}

認證搞完瞭，我們再來看看授權

在ShiroConfig.java文件加入授權，加入這行代碼： filterMap.put(“/user/add”,”perms[user:add]”);//隻有擁有user:add權限的人才能訪問add，註意授權的位置在認證前面，不然授權會認證不瞭；

運行測試：add頁面無法訪問

授權同理：filterMap.put(“/user/update”,”perms[user:update]”);//隻有擁有user:update權限的人才能訪問update

自定義一個未授權跳轉頁面

在ShiroConfig.java文件設置未授權時跳轉到unauthorized頁面，加入這行代碼：
factoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl(“/unauthorized”); 2. 去Mycontroller寫跳轉未授權頁面

    @RequestMapping("/unauthorized")
    @ResponseBody//懶得寫界面，返回一個字符串
    public String unauthorized(){
        return "沒有授權，無法訪問";
    }

運行效果：

從數據庫中接受用戶的權限，進行判斷

在數據庫中添加一個屬性perms，相應的實體類也要修改

修改UserRealm.java

package com.example.config;


import com.example.pojo.User;
import com.example.service.UserService;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    UserService userService;

    //授權
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        System.out.println("授權");
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();

        //沒有使用數據庫，直接自己設置的用戶權限，給每個人都設置瞭，現實中要從數據庫中取
        //info.addStringPermission("user:add");

        //從數據庫中得到權限信息
        //獲得當前登錄的對象
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        //拿到User對象，通過getPrincipal()獲得
        User currentUser = (User) subject.getPrincipal();

        //設置當前用戶的權限
        info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());

        return info;
    }
    //認證
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        System.out.println("認證");

        UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;

        //連接真實的數據庫
        User user = userService.getUserByName(userToken.getUsername());

        if (user==null){
            return null;//拋出異常  用戶名錯誤那個異常
        }

        //密碼認證，shiro自己做
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user,user.getPwd(),"");
    }
}

有瞭授權後，就又出現瞭一個問題，我們是不是要讓用戶沒有權限的東西，就看不見呢？這時候，就出現瞭Shiro-thymeleaf整合

Shiro-thymeleaf整合

導入整合的依賴

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.theborakompanioni/thymeleaf-extras-shiro -->
<dependency>
   <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

在ShiroConfig整合ShiroDialect

    //整合ShiroDialect： 用來整合 shiro thymeleaf
    @Bean
    public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
        return  new ShiroDialect();
    }

修改index頁面

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro">
<!-- 三個命名空間
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/extras/spring-security"
xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro"
-->
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>首頁</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首頁</h1>

<p th:text="${msg}"></p>

<!--判斷是否有用戶登錄，如果有就不顯示登錄按鈕-->
<div th:if="${session.loginUser==null}">
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}" rel="external nofollow" >登錄</a>
</div>


<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add">
    <a th:href="@{/user/add}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="user:update">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" >update</a>
</div>


</body>
</html>

判斷是否有用戶登錄

   //這個是整合shiro和thymeleaf用到的，讓登錄按鈕消失的判斷
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        Session session = subject.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("loginUser", user);

測試

以上就是Java安全框架——Shiro的使用詳解(附springboot整合Shiro的demo)的詳細內容，更多關於Java安全框架——Shiro的資料請關註WalkonNet其它相關文章！

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