基於Unity3D實現3D迷宮小遊戲的示例代碼
一、前言
閑來無事，從零開始整個《3D迷宮》小遊戲。
本篇文章會詳細介紹構思、實現思路，希望可以幫助到有緣人。
二、構思
首先，要實現一個小遊戲，心裡肯定要有一個大概的想法，然後就是將想法完善起來。
我的想法就是一個用立體的墻搭建的迷宮，然後控制人物在迷宮中移動，最後找到出口，就這麼簡單。
當然，這是一個雛形，比如可以加點音效、背景、關卡、解密等。
那麼整理一下實現思路就是：
- 構建3D迷宮
- 實現人物移動
- 實現出入口邏輯
OK，下面就正式開發。
三、正式開發
3-1、搭建場景
首先，新建個項目，我用瞭Unity 2019.4.7f1版本，項目名稱跟位置按照自己的喜好設置即可：
接下來構建迷宮，先新建一個Plane，讓它最夠大，擴大10倍：
新建Cube，調整大小縮放，讓它看起來像是一堵墻，然後構建迷宮：
3-2、設置出入口
放兩個Cube，設置縮放，將出口名字改成Exit，這樣就行瞭，到時候通過碰撞檢測檢測小球是否到達出口即可。
3-3、添加角色
在Hierarchy視圖，右擊選擇3D Objcet→Capsule，新建一個球體，添加Rigibody組件：
設置Drag抓地力為1。
就這樣設置就行瞭，在實際運行中如果參數不合適還可以再調整。
將小球移動到入口的位置。
3-4、實現角色移動
這裡直接使用官方的第一人稱移動代碼RigidbodyFirstPersonController .cs：
public class RigidbodyFirstPersonController : MonoBehaviour
{
[Serializable]
public class MovementSettings
{
public float ForwardSpeed = 8.0f; // Speed when walking forward
public float BackwardSpeed = 4.0f; // Speed when walking backwards
public float StrafeSpeed = 4.0f; // Speed when walking sideways
public float RunMultiplier = 2.0f; // Speed when sprinting
public KeyCode RunKey = KeyCode.LeftShift;
public float JumpForce = 30f;
public AnimationCurve SlopeCurveModifier = new AnimationCurve(new Keyframe(-90.0f, 1.0f), new Keyframe(0.0f, 1.0f), new Keyframe(90.0f, 0.0f));
[HideInInspector] public float CurrentTargetSpeed = 8f;
#if !MOBILE_INPUT
private bool m_Running;
#endif
public void UpdateDesiredTargetSpeed(Vector2 input)
{
if (input == Vector2.zero) return;
if (input.x > 0 || input.x < 0)
{
//strafe
CurrentTargetSpeed = StrafeSpeed;
}
if (input.y < 0)
{
//backwards
CurrentTargetSpeed = BackwardSpeed;
}
if (input.y > 0)
{
//forwards
//handled last as if strafing and moving forward at the same time forwards speed should take precedence
CurrentTargetSpeed = ForwardSpeed;
}
#if !MOBILE_INPUT
if (Input.GetKey(RunKey))
{
CurrentTargetSpeed *= RunMultiplier;
m_Running = true;
}
else
{
m_Running = false;
}
#endif
}
#if !MOBILE_INPUT
public bool Running
{
get { return m_Running; }
}
#endif
}
[Serializable]
public class AdvancedSettings
{
public float groundCheckDistance = 0.01f; // distance for checking if the controller is grounded ( 0.01f seems to work best for this )
public float stickToGroundHelperDistance = 0.5f; // stops the character
public float slowDownRate = 20f; // rate at which the controller comes to a stop when there is no input
public bool airControl; // can the user control the direction that is being moved in the air
[Tooltip("set it to 0.1 or more if you get stuck in wall")]
public float shellOffset; //reduce the radius by that ratio to avoid getting stuck in wall (a value of 0.1f is nice)
}
public Camera cam;
public MovementSettings movementSettings = new MovementSettings();
public MouseLook mouseLook = new MouseLook();
public AdvancedSettings advancedSettings = new AdvancedSettings();
private Rigidbody m_RigidBody;
private CapsuleCollider m_Capsule;
private float m_YRotation;
private Vector3 m_GroundContactNormal;
private bool m_Jump, m_PreviouslyGrounded, m_Jumping, m_IsGrounded;
public Vector3 Velocity
{
get { return m_RigidBody.velocity; }
}
public bool Grounded
{
get { return m_IsGrounded; }
}
public bool Jumping
{
get { return m_Jumping; }
}
public bool Running
{
get
{
#if !MOBILE_INPUT
return movementSettings.Running;
#else
return false;
#endif
}
}
private void Start()
{
m_RigidBody = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
m_Capsule = GetComponent<CapsuleCollider>();
mouseLook.Init (transform, cam.transform);
}
private void Update()
{
RotateView();
if (CrossPlatformInputManager.GetButtonDown("Jump") && !m_Jump)
{
m_Jump = true;
}
}
private void FixedUpdate()
{
GroundCheck();
Vector2 input = GetInput();
if ((Mathf.Abs(input.x) > float.Epsilon || Mathf.Abs(input.y) > float.Epsilon) && (advancedSettings.airControl || m_IsGrounded))
{
// always move along the camera forward as it is the direction that it being aimed at
Vector3 desiredMove = cam.transform.forward*input.y + cam.transform.right*input.x;
desiredMove = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(desiredMove, m_GroundContactNormal).normalized;
desiredMove.x = desiredMove.x*movementSettings.CurrentTargetSpeed;
desiredMove.z = desiredMove.z*movementSettings.CurrentTargetSpeed;
desiredMove.y = desiredMove.y*movementSettings.CurrentTargetSpeed;
if (m_RigidBody.velocity.sqrMagnitude <
(movementSettings.CurrentTargetSpeed*movementSettings.CurrentTargetSpeed))
{
m_RigidBody.AddForce(desiredMove*SlopeMultiplier(), ForceMode.Impulse);
}
}
if (m_IsGrounded)
{
m_RigidBody.drag = 5f;
if (m_Jump)
{
m_RigidBody.drag = 0f;
m_RigidBody.velocity = new Vector3(m_RigidBody.velocity.x, 0f, m_RigidBody.velocity.z);
m_RigidBody.AddForce(new Vector3(0f, movementSettings.JumpForce, 0f), ForceMode.Impulse);
m_Jumping = true;
}
if (!m_Jumping && Mathf.Abs(input.x) < float.Epsilon && Mathf.Abs(input.y) < float.Epsilon && m_RigidBody.velocity.magnitude < 1f)
{
m_RigidBody.Sleep();
}
}
else
{
m_RigidBody.drag = 0f;
if (m_PreviouslyGrounded && !m_Jumping)
{
StickToGroundHelper();
}
}
m_Jump = false;
}
private float SlopeMultiplier()
{
float angle = Vector3.Angle(m_GroundContactNormal, Vector3.up);
return movementSettings.SlopeCurveModifier.Evaluate(angle);
}
private void StickToGroundHelper()
{
RaycastHit hitInfo;
if (Physics.SphereCast(transform.position, m_Capsule.radius * (1.0f - advancedSettings.shellOffset), Vector3.down, out hitInfo,
((m_Capsule.height/2f) - m_Capsule.radius) +
advancedSettings.stickToGroundHelperDistance, Physics.AllLayers, QueryTriggerInteraction.Ignore))
{
if (Mathf.Abs(Vector3.Angle(hitInfo.normal, Vector3.up)) < 85f)
{
m_RigidBody.velocity = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(m_RigidBody.velocity, hitInfo.normal);
}
}
}
private Vector2 GetInput()
{
Vector2 input = new Vector2
{
x = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Horizontal"),
y = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Vertical")
};
movementSettings.UpdateDesiredTargetSpeed(input);
return input;
}
private void RotateView()
{
//avoids the mouse looking if the game is effectively paused
if (Mathf.Abs(Time.timeScale) < float.Epsilon) return;
// get the rotation before it's changed
float oldYRotation = transform.eulerAngles.y;
mouseLook.LookRotation (transform, cam.transform);
if (m_IsGrounded || advancedSettings.airControl)
{
// Rotate the rigidbody velocity to match the new direction that the character is looking
Quaternion velRotation = Quaternion.AngleAxis(transform.eulerAngles.y - oldYRotation, Vector3.up);
m_RigidBody.velocity = velRotation*m_RigidBody.velocity;
}
}
/// sphere cast down just beyond the bottom of the capsule to see if the capsule is colliding round the bottom
private void GroundCheck()
{
m_PreviouslyGrounded = m_IsGrounded;
RaycastHit hitInfo;
if (Physics.SphereCast(transform.position, m_Capsule.radius * (1.0f - advancedSettings.shellOffset), Vector3.down, out hitInfo,
((m_Capsule.height/2f) - m_Capsule.radius) + advancedSettings.groundCheckDistance, Physics.AllLayers, QueryTriggerInteraction.Ignore))
{
m_IsGrounded = true;
m_GroundContactNormal = hitInfo.normal;
}
else
{
m_IsGrounded = false;
m_GroundContactNormal = Vector3.up;
}
if (!m_PreviouslyGrounded && m_IsGrounded && m_Jumping)
{
m_Jumping = false;
}
}
}
MouseLook.cs:
public class MouseLook
{
public float XSensitivity = 2f;
public float YSensitivity = 2f;
public bool clampVerticalRotation = true;
public float MinimumX = -90F;
public float MaximumX = 90F;
public bool smooth;
public float smoothTime = 5f;
public bool lockCursor = true;
private Quaternion m_CharacterTargetRot;
private Quaternion m_CameraTargetRot;
private bool m_cursorIsLocked = true;
public void Init(Transform character, Transform camera)
{
m_CharacterTargetRot = character.localRotation;
m_CameraTargetRot = camera.localRotation;
}
public void LookRotation(Transform character, Transform camera)
{
float yRot = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Mouse X") * XSensitivity;
float xRot = CrossPlatformInputManager.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * YSensitivity;
m_CharacterTargetRot *= Quaternion.Euler (0f, yRot, 0f);
m_CameraTargetRot *= Quaternion.Euler (-xRot, 0f, 0f);
if(clampVerticalRotation)
m_CameraTargetRot = ClampRotationAroundXAxis (m_CameraTargetRot);
if(smooth)
{
character.localRotation = Quaternion.Slerp (character.localRotation, m_CharacterTargetRot,
smoothTime * Time.deltaTime);
camera.localRotation = Quaternion.Slerp (camera.localRotation, m_CameraTargetRot,
smoothTime * Time.deltaTime);
}
else
{
character.localRotation = m_CharacterTargetRot;
camera.localRotation = m_CameraTargetRot;
}
UpdateCursorLock();
}
public void SetCursorLock(bool value)
{
lockCursor = value;
if(!lockCursor)
{//we force unlock the cursor if the user disable the cursor locking helper
Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.None;
Cursor.visible = true;
}
}
public void UpdateCursorLock()
{
//if the user set "lockCursor" we check & properly lock the cursos
if (lockCursor)
InternalLockUpdate();
}
private void InternalLockUpdate()
{
if(Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Escape))
{
m_cursorIsLocked = false;
}
else if(Input.GetMouseButtonUp(0))
{
m_cursorIsLocked = true;
}
if (m_cursorIsLocked)
{
Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.Locked;
Cursor.visible = false;
}
else if (!m_cursorIsLocked)
{
Cursor.lockState = CursorLockMode.None;
Cursor.visible = true;
}
}
Quaternion ClampRotationAroundXAxis(Quaternion q)
{
q.x /= q.w;
q.y /= q.w;
q.z /= q.w;
q.w = 1.0f;
float angleX = 2.0f * Mathf.Rad2Deg * Mathf.Atan (q.x);
angleX = Mathf.Clamp (angleX, MinimumX, MaximumX);
q.x = Mathf.Tan (0.5f * Mathf.Deg2Rad * angleX);
return q;
}
}
將所有的墻的父物體設置為地板。
設置攝像機的位置和父物體：
運行程序：
3-5、出入口邏輯
出口用碰撞檢測，新建腳本ExitControl.cs，編輯代碼：
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;
public class ExitControl : MonoBehaviour
{
void OnCollisionEnter(Collider col)
{
if (col.gameObject.name == "Capsule")
{
SceneManager.LoadScene(SceneManager.GetActiveScene().name);
}
}
}
將代碼附給Exit對象。
結束瞭。
四、總結
本文實現瞭一個《3D迷宮》小遊戲。
首先，搭建場景，然後實現角色移動，出入口邏輯。
整天代碼比較簡單，官方的移動代碼也可以學習一下。
以上就是基於Unity3D實現3D迷宮小遊戲的示例代碼的詳細內容，更多關於Unity3D迷宮遊戲的資料請關註WalkonNet其它相關文章！