Golang分佈式應用之Redis示例詳解

type RedisLock struct {
	client     *redis.Client
	key        string
	expiration time.Duration // 過期時間，防止宕機或者異常
}
func NewLock(client *redis.Client, key string, expiration time.Duration) *RedisLock {
	return &RedisLock{
		client:     client,
		key:        key,
		expiration: expiration,
	}
}
// 加鎖將成功會將調用者id保存到redis中
func (l *RedisLock) Lock(id string) (bool, error) {
	return l.client.SetNX(context.TODO(), l.key, id, l.expiration).Result()
}
const unLockScript = `
if (redis.call("get", KEYS[1]) == KEYS[2]) then
	redis.call("del", KEYS[1])
	return true
end
return false
`
// 解鎖通過lua腳本來保證原子性，隻能解鎖當前調用者加的鎖
func (l *RedisLock) UnLock(id string) error {
	_, err := l.client.Eval(context.TODO(), unLockScript, []string{l.key, id}).Result()
	if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func main() {
    client := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "123456",
		DB:       0, // use default DB
	})
	lock := NewLock(client, "counter", 30*time.Second)
    counter := 0
	worker := func(i int) {
		for {
			id := fmt.Sprintf("worker%d", i)
			ok, err := lock.Lock(id)
			log.Printf("worker %d attempt to obtain lock, ok: %v, err: %v", i, ok, err)
			if !ok {
				time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
				continue
			}
			defer lock.UnLock(id)
			counter++
			log.Printf("worker %d, add counter %d", i, counter)
			break
		}
	}
	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
	for i := 1; i <= 5; i++ {
		wg.Add(1)
		id := i
		go func() {
			defer wg.Done()
			worker(id)
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()
}

const (
	// 插入數據，調用setbit設置對應位
	setScript = `
for _, offset in ipairs(ARGV) do
	redis.call("setbit", KEYS[1], offset, 1)
end
`
	// 查詢數據，如果所有位都為1返回true
	getScript = `
for _, offset in ipairs(ARGV) do
	if tonumber(redis.call("getbit", KEYS[1], offset)) == 0 then
		return false
	end
end
return true
`
)
type BloomFilter struct {
	client *redis.Client
	key    string // 存在redis中的key
	bits   uint // BitSet的大小
	maps   uint // Hash的次數
}
func NewBloomFilter(client *redis.Client, key string, bits, maps uint) *BloomFilter {
	client.Del(context.TODO(), key)
	if maps == 0 {
		maps = 14
	}
	return &BloomFilter{
		key:    key,
		client: client,
		bits:   bits,
		maps:   maps,
	}
}
// 進行多次Hash, 得到位置列表
func (f *BloomFilter) getLocations(data []byte) []uint {
	locations := make([]uint, f.maps)
	for i := 0; i < int(f.maps); i++ {
		val := murmur3.Sum64(append(data, byte(i)))
		locations[i] = uint(val) % f.bits
	}
	return locations
}
func (f *BloomFilter) Add(data []byte) error {
	args := getArgs(f.getLocations(data))
	_, err := f.client.Eval(context.TODO(), setScript, []string{f.key}, args).Result()
	if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
		return err
	}
	return nil
}
func (f *BloomFilter) Exists(data []byte) (bool, error) {
	args := getArgs(f.getLocations(data))
	resp, err := f.client.Eval(context.TODO(), getScript, []string{f.key}, args).Result()
	if err != nil {
		if err == redis.Nil {
			return false, nil
		}
		return false, err
	}
	exists, ok := resp.(int64)
	if !ok {
		return false, nil
	}
	return exists == 1, nil
}
func getArgs(locations []uint) []string {
	args := make([]string, 0)
	for _, l := range locations {
		args = append(args, strconv.FormatUint(uint64(l), 10))
	}
	return args
}

func main() {
	bf := NewBloomFilter(client,"bf-test", 2^16, 14)
	exists, err := bf.Exists([]byte("test1"))
	log.Printf("exist %t, err %v", exists, err)
	if err := bf.Add([]byte("test1")); err != nil {
		log.Printf("add err: %v", err)
	}
	exists, err = bf.Exists([]byte("test1"))
	log.Printf("exist %t, err %v", exists, err)
	exists, err = bf.Exists([]byte("test2"))
	log.Printf("exist %t, err %v", exists, err)
// output
// 2022/07/22 10:05:58 exist false, err <nil>
// 2022/07/22 10:05:58 exist true, err <nil>
// 2022/07/22 10:05:58 exist false, err <nil>
}

--- 相關Key
--- limit rate key值，對應value為當前令牌數
local limit_key = KEYS[1]
--- 輸入參數
--[[
qps: 每秒請求數;
burst: 令牌桶容量;
now: 當前Timestamp;
cost: 請求令牌數;
max_wait: 最大等待時間
--]]
local qps = tonumber(ARGV[1])
local burst = tonumber(ARGV[2])
local now = ARGV[3]
local cost = tonumber(ARGV[4])
local max_wait = tonumber(ARGV[5])
--- 獲取redis中的令牌數
local tokens = redis.call("hget", limit_key, "token")
if not tokens then
	tokens = burst
end
--- 上次修改時間
local last_time = redis.call("hget", limit_key, "last_time")
if not last_time then
	last_time = 0
end
--- 最新等待時間
local last_event = redis.call("hget", limit_key, "last_event")
if not last_event then
	last_event = 0
end
--- 通過當前時間與上次修改時間的差值，qps計算出當前時間得令牌數
local delta = math.max(0, now-last_time)
local new_tokens = math.min(burst, delta * qps + tokens)
new_tokens = new_tokens - cost --- 最新令牌數，減少請求令牌
--- 如果最新令牌數小於0，計算需要等待的時間
local wait_period = 0
if new_tokens < 0 and qps > 0 then
	wait_period = wait_period - new_tokens / qps
end
wait_period = math.ceil(wait_period)
local time_act = now + wait_period --- 滿足等待間隔的時間戳
--- 允許請求有兩種情況
--- 當請求令牌數小於burst, 等待時間不超過最大等待時間，可以通過補充令牌滿足請求
--- qps為0時，隻要最新令牌數不小於0即可
local ok = (cost <= burst and wait_period <= max_wait and qps > 0) or (qps == 0 and new_tokens >= 0)
--- 設置對應值
if ok then
	redis.call("set", limit_key, new_tokens)
	redis.call("set", last_time_key, now)
	redis.call("set", last_event_key, time_act)
end
--- 返回列表，{是否允許， 等待時間}
return {ok, wait_period}

// 調用lua腳本
func (lim *RedisLimiter) reserveN(now time.Time, n int, maxFutureReserveSecond int) (*Reservation, error) {
	// ...
	res, err := lim.rdb.Eval(context.TODO(), reserveNScript, []string{lim.limitKey}, lim.qps, lim.burst, now.Unix(), n, maxFutureReserveSecond).Result()
	if err != nil && err != redis.Nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	//...
	return &Reservation{
		ok:        allow == 1,
		lim:       lim,
		tokens:    n,
		timeToAct: now.Add(time.Duration(wait) * time.Second),
	}, nil
}

func main() {
	rdb := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
		Addr:     "localhost:6379",
		Password: "123456",
		DB:       0, // use default DB
	})
	r, err := NewRedisLimiter(rdb, 1, 2, "testrate")
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	r.Reset()
	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
		err := r.Wait(context.TODO())
		log.Printf("worker %d allowed: %v", i, err)
	}
}
// output
// 2022/07/22 12:50:31 worker 0 allowed: <nil>
// 2022/07/22 12:50:31 worker 1 allowed: <nil>
// 2022/07/22 12:50:32 worker 2 allowed: <nil>
// 2022/07/22 12:50:33 worker 3 allowed: <nil>
// 2022/07/22 12:50:34 worker 4 allowed: <nil>