Java基礎之顏色工具類(超詳細註釋)
顏色工具類(超詳細註釋)
設置屬性值自動格式化rgb值和十六進制顏色值。
import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class Color{ private final String[] hex_letters = {"0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F"}; private Double alpha;// 透明度(0.0 ~ 1.0) private Integer red; // 紅色值(0~255) private Integer green; // 綠色值(0~255) private Integer blue; // 藍色值(0~255) private String rgb; // RGB值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue) private String rgba; // RGBA值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue, alpha) private String hexRed; // 十六進制紅色值(00-FF) private String hexGreen; // 十六進制綠色值(00-FF) private String hexBlue; // 十六進制藍色值(00-FF) private String hex; // 十六進制顏色值;格式:#hexRedhexGreenhexBlue /** * 無參構造器 * 默認黑色不透明 */ public Color(){ this.red = 0; this.green = 0; this.blue = 0; this.alpha = 1.0; this.hexRed = "00"; this.hexGreen = "00"; this.hexBlue = "00"; this.rgb = "rgb(0, 0, 0)"; this.rgba = "rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0)"; this.hex = "#000000"; } /** * 通過RGB三值初始化 * * @param red 紅色值(0~255) * @param green 綠色值(0~255) * @param blue 藍色值(0~255) */ public Color(Integer red, Integer green, Integer blue){ // 調用 [通過RGBA四值初始化] this(red, green, blue, 1.0); } /** * 通過RGBA四值初始化 * * @param red 紅色值(0~255) * @param green 綠色值(0~255) * @param blue 藍色值(0~255) * @param alpha 透明度(0.0 ~ 1.0) */ public Color(Integer red, Integer green, Integer blue, Double alpha){ // 設置透明度 this.setAlpha(alpha); // 設置rgb值 this.setRed(red); this.setGreen(green); this.setBlue(blue); } /** * 通過顏色字符串初始化 * @param colorStr 顏色字符串;格式為:rgb(red,green,blue) 或 rgba(red,green,blue,alpha) 或 #hexRedhexGreenhexBlue */ public Color(String colorStr){ // 字符串轉大寫、去空格 colorStr = colorStr.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); if(colorStr.startsWith("#")) { this.alpha = 1.0; this.setHex(colorStr); } else if(colorStr.startsWith("RGB(") && colorStr.endsWith(")")) { this.alpha = 1.0; this.setRgb(colorStr); }else if (colorStr.startsWith("RGBA(") && colorStr.endsWith(")")) { this.setRgba(colorStr); }else { throw new ColorParseException("Color parsing failed, please check color code format. The format is: \"rgb(red,green,blue)\" or \"rgba(red,green,blue,alpha)\" or \"#hexRedhexGreenhexBlue\"."); } } /** * 獲取紅色值 * @return 紅色值(0~255) */ public Integer getRed(){ return this.red; } /** * 設置紅色值 * @param red 紅色值(0~255) */ public void setRed(Integer red) { // 檢查顏色值 if(red < 0 || red > 255) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException("Red out of range, please set value in 0 ~ 255."); // 設置紅色值 this.red = red; // 紅色值轉十六進制紅色值,並設置十六進制紅色值 this.hexRed = this.normalToHex(red); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取綠色值 * @return 綠色值(0~255) */ public Integer getGreen(){ return this.green; } /** * 設置綠色值 * @param green 綠色值(0~255) */ public void setGreen(Integer green) { // 檢查顏色值 if(green < 0 || green > 255) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException("Green out of range, please set value in 0 ~ 255."); // 設置綠色值 this.green = green; // 綠色值轉十六進制紅色值,並設置十六進制綠色值 this.hexGreen = this.normalToHex(green); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取藍色值 * @return 藍色值(0~255) */ public Integer getBlue(){ return this.blue; } /** * 設置藍色值 * @param blue 藍色值(0~255) */ public void setBlue(Integer blue) { // 檢查顏色值 if(blue < 0 || blue > 255) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException("Blue out of range, please set value in 0 ~ 255."); // 設置藍色值 this.blue = blue; // 綠色值轉十六進制紅色值,並設置十六進制綠色值 this.hexBlue = this.normalToHex(blue); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取十六進制紅色值 * @return 十六進制紅色值(00-FF) */ public String getHexRed(){ return this.hexRed; } /** * 設置十六進制紅色值 * @param hexRed 十六進制紅色值(00-FF) */ public void setHexRed(String hexRed) { // 去空格、轉大寫 hexRed = hexRed.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 檢查顏色值 checkHexColorString(hexRed,"HexRed"); // 設置十六進制紅色值 this.hexRed = hexRed; // 設置紅色值 this.red = hexToNormal(hexRed); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取十六進制綠色值 * @return 十六進制綠色值(00-FF) */ public String getHexGreen(){ return this.hexGreen; } /** * 設置十六進制綠色值 * @param hexGreen 十六進制綠色值(00-FF) */ public void setHexGreen(String hexGreen) { // 去空格、轉大寫 hexGreen = hexGreen.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 檢查顏色值 checkHexColorString(hexGreen,"HexGreen"); // 設置十六進制綠色值 this.hexGreen = hexGreen; // 設置綠色值 this.green = hexToNormal(hexGreen); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取十六進制藍色值 * @return 十六進制藍色值(00-FF) */ public String getHexBlue(){ return this.hexBlue; } /** * 設置十六進制藍色值 * @param hexBlue 十六進制藍色值(00-FF) */ public void setHexBlue(String hexBlue) { // 去空格、轉大寫 hexBlue = hexBlue.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 檢查顏色值 checkHexColorString(hexBlue,"HexBlue"); // 設置十六進制藍色值 this.hexBlue = hexBlue; // 設置藍色值 this.blue = hexToNormal(hexBlue); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取透明度 * @return 透明度(0.0 ~ 1.0) */ public Double getAlpha(){ return this.alpha; } /** * 設置透明度 * @param alpha 透明度(0.0 ~ 1.0) */ public void setAlpha(Double alpha) { // 檢查透明度 if(alpha < 0 || alpha > 1) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException("Alpha out of range, please set value in 0.0 ~ 1.0 and keep one decimal place."); // 檢查小數點 String[] alphaSplit = alpha.toString().split("\\."); if(alphaSplit.length > 1) if(alphaSplit[1].length() > 1) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException("Alpha out of range, please set value in 0.0 ~ 1.0 and keep one decimal place."); // 設置透明度 this.alpha = alpha; // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取RGB值 * @return RGB值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue) */ public String getRgb(){ return this.rgb; } /** * 設置RGB值 * @param rgb RGB值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue) */ public void setRgb(String rgb) { // 解析rgb字符串 Integer[] rgbArray = parseRGB(rgb); // 設置顏色值 this.setRed(rgbArray[0]); this.setGreen(rgbArray[1]); this.setBlue(rgbArray[2]); // 設置十六進制顏色值 this.setHexRed(this.normalToHex(this.getRed())); this.setHexGreen(this.normalToHex(this.getGreen())); this.setHexBlue(this.normalToHex(this.getBlue())); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取RGBA值 * @return RGBA值;格式:rgba(red, green, blue, alpha) */ public String getRgba(){ return this.rgba; } /** * 設置RGBA值 * @param rgba RGBA值;格式:rgba(red, green, blue, alpha) */ public void setRgba(String rgba) { // 解析rgb字符串 Double[] rgbaArray = parseRGBA(rgba); // 設置顏色值 this.setRed((int)(double)rgbaArray[0]); this.setGreen((int)(double)rgbaArray[1]); this.setBlue((int)(double)rgbaArray[2]); this.setAlpha(rgbaArray[3]); // 設置十六進制顏色值 this.setHexRed(this.normalToHex(this.getRed())); this.setHexGreen(this.normalToHex(this.getGreen())); this.setHexBlue(this.normalToHex(this.getBlue())); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 獲取十六進制顏色值 * @return 十六進制顏色值;格式:#hexRedhexGreenhexBlue */ public String getHex(){ return this.hex; } /** * 設置HEX值 * @param hex 十六進制顏色值;格式:#hexRedhexGreenhexBlue */ public void setHex(String hex) { // 解析hex字符串 String[] hexArray = parseHex(hex); // 設置十六進制顏色值 this.setHexRed(hexArray[0]); this.setHexGreen(hexArray[1]); this.setHexBlue(hexArray[2]); // 設置顏色值 this.setRed(this.hexToNormal(this.getHexRed())); this.setGreen(this.hexToNormal(this.getHexGreen())); this.setBlue(this.hexToNormal(this.getHexBlue())); // 刷新 this.refresh(); } /** * 解析RGB字符串 * @param rgb RGB值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue) * @return 顏色值數組;0: red; 1: green; 2: blue; */ private Integer[] parseRGB(String rgb){ // 去空格、轉大寫 rgb = rgb.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 檢查是否為“rgb(”開頭、“)”結束 if(rgb.startsWith("RGB(") && rgb.endsWith(")")) rgb = rgb.substring(4, rgb.length()-1); // rgb字符串數組 通過“,”分割 String[] rgbStrArray = rgb.split(","); // 判斷數組長度是否小於1 if(rgbStrArray.length < 1) throw new ColorParseException("RGB parsing failed, please check RGB format. The format is: \"rgb(red,green,blue)\" or \"red,green,blue\"."); // String轉int int red = Integer.parseInt(rgbStrArray[0]); int green = Integer.parseInt(rgbStrArray[1]); int blue = Integer.parseInt(rgbStrArray[2]); // 返回rgb顏色數組 return new Integer[]{red, green, blue}; } /** * 解析RGBA字符串 * @param rgba RGBA值;格式:rgba(red, green, blue, alpha) * @return 顏色值數組;0: red; 1: green; 2: blue; 3: alpha; */ private Double[] parseRGBA(String rgba){ // 去空格、轉大寫 rgba = rgba.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 檢查是否為“rgba(”開頭、“)”結束 if(rgba.startsWith("RGBA(") && rgba.endsWith(")")) rgba = rgba.substring(5, rgba.length()-1); // rgb字符串數組 通過“,”分割 String[] rgbaStrArray = rgba.split(","); // 判斷數組長度是否小於1 if(rgbaStrArray.length < 1) throw new ColorParseException("RGBA parsing failed, please check RGBA format. The format is: \"rgba(red,green,blue,alpha)\" or \"red,green,blue,alpha\"."); // String轉double double red = Double.parseDouble(rgbaStrArray[0]); double green = Double.parseDouble(rgbaStrArray[1]); double blue = Double.parseDouble(rgbaStrArray[2]); double alpha = Double.parseDouble(rgbaStrArray[3]); // 返回rgba顏色數組 return new Double[]{red, green, blue, alpha}; } /** * 解析HEX字符串 * @param hex 十六進制顏色值 * @return 顏色值數組;0: hexRed; 1: hexGreen; 2: hexBlue; */ private String[] parseHex(String hex){ // 字符串去空格、轉大寫 hex = hex.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 去起始“#” if(hex.startsWith("#")) hex = hex.substring(1); // 聲明顏色值 String hexRed; String hexGreen; String hexBlue; // 檢查字符串長度 if(hex.length() == 3){ // 取出顏色值 hexRed = hex.substring(0, 1); hexGreen = hex.substring(1, 2); hexBlue = hex.substring(2); // 補全hexColor hexRed += hexRed; hexGreen += hexGreen; hexBlue += hexBlue; }else if(hex.length() == 6){ // 取出顏色值 hexRed = hex.substring(0, 2); hexGreen = hex.substring(2, 4); hexBlue = hex.substring(4); }else{ throw new ColorParseException("Hex color parsing failed, please check hex color format. The format is: \"#hexColor\" or \"hexColor\", examples: \"#FFFFFF\" or \"#FFF\" or \"FFFFFF\" or \"FFF\"."); } // 返回hex顏色數組 return new String[]{hexRed, hexGreen, hexBlue}; } /** * 生成RGB值 * @return RGB值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue) */ private synchronized String generateRgb(){ // 準備結果 String result = "rgb("; // 添加紅色值 result += this.getRed(); result += ", "; // 添加綠色值 result += this.getGreen(); result += ", "; // 添加藍色值 result += this.getBlue(); result += ")"; // 返回結果 return result; } /** * 生成RGBA值 * @return RGBA值;格式:rgb(red, green, blue, alpha) */ private synchronized String generateRgba(){ // 準備結果 String result = "rgba("; // 添加紅色值 result += this.getRed(); result += ", "; // 添加綠色值 result += this.getGreen(); result += ", "; // 添加藍色值 result += this.getBlue(); result += ", "; // 添加透明度 result += this.getAlpha(); result += ", "; // 返回結果 return result; } /** * 生成十六進制值 * @return 十六進制值;格式:#hexRedhexGreenhexBlue */ private synchronized String generateHex(){ // 準備結果 String result = "#"; // 添加紅色值 result += this.getHexRed(); // 添加綠色值 result += this.getHexGreen(); // 添加藍色值 result += this.getHexBlue(); // 返回結果 return result; } /** * 十進制轉十六進制 * @param number 十進制數 * @return 十六進制字符串 */ private String normalToHex(Integer number){ // 十進制轉十六進制 String hexNumber = Integer.toHexString(number).toUpperCase(); // 檢查十六進制字符串長度 if(hexNumber.length() == 1) // 一位 hexNumber = 0 + hexNumber; // 前位+0 // 返回十六進制字符串 return hexNumber; } /** * 十六進制轉十進制 * @param hexStr 十六進制字符串 * @return 十進制數 */ private Integer hexToNormal(String hexStr) { // 去空格轉大寫 hexStr = hexStr.replaceAll("\\s*", ""); // 準備結果 int result = 0; // 十六進制字母集合 Map<String, Integer> hexLettersMap = new HashMap<>(); // 十六進制字符填充至集合 for (int i = 0; i < hex_letters.length; i++) { hexLettersMap.put(hex_letters[i], i); } // 將十六進制字符串轉為數組 String[] hexStrArray = new String[hexStr.length()]; for(int i = 0; i < hexStrArray.length; i++){ hexStrArray[i] = hexStr.substring(i, i+1); } // 轉十進制數 for(int i = 0; i < hexStrArray.length; i++){ result += hexLettersMap.get(hexStrArray[i]) * Math.pow(16, hexStrArray.length - 1 - i); } // 返回結果 return result; } /** * 檢查十六進制顏色字符串(兩位:00~FF) * @param hexStr 十六進制字符串(00~FF) * @param errorFieldName 發生錯誤的字段名 */ private void checkHexColorString(String hexStr, String errorFieldName){ // 去空格,轉大寫 hexStr = hexStr.replaceAll("\\s*", "").toUpperCase(); // 截取字符 String firstLetter; String secondLetter; // 檢查格式 if(hexStr.length() == 1){ firstLetter = secondLetter = hexStr; }else if(hexStr.length() == 2){ firstLetter = hexStr.substring(0,1); secondLetter = hexStr.substring(1); }else{ throw new ColorOutOfRangeException(errorFieldName + " out of range, please set value in 00 ~ FF."); } // 字符正確標識 boolean firstRight = false; boolean secondRight = false; // 檢查第一個字符 for (String letter : hex_letters) { if(letter.equals(firstLetter)){ firstRight = true; break; } } // 檢查第二個字符 for (String letter : hex_letters) { if(letter.equals(secondLetter)){ secondRight = true; break; } } // 判斷是否全部正確 if(!firstRight || !secondRight) throw new ColorOutOfRangeException(errorFieldName + " out of range, please set value in 00 ~ FF."); } /** * 刷新 */ private void refresh(){ // 生成並設置rgb值 this.rgb = this.generateRgb(); // 生成並設置rgba值 this.rgba = this.generateRgba(); // 生成並設置十六進制顏色值 this.hex = this.generateHex(); } /** * 對象轉字符串 * @return 字符串 */ public String toString(){ return "Color: {" + "\n\tred: " + this.getRed() + ",\n\tgreen: " + this.getGreen() + ",\n\tblue: " + this.getBlue() + ",\n\talpha: " + this.getAlpha() + ",\n\trgb: " + this.getRgb() + ",\n\trgba: " + this.getRgba() + ",\n\thexRed: " + this.getHexRed() + ",\n\thexGreen: " + this.getHexGreen() + ",\n\thexBlue: " + this.getHexBlue() + ",\n\thex: " + this.getHex() + "\n}"; } /** * 顏色超出范圍異常 */ public static class ColorOutOfRangeException extends RuntimeException{ public ColorOutOfRangeException(String message) { super(message); } } /** * 顏色解析異常 */ public static class ColorParseException extends RuntimeException{ public ColorParseException(String message) { super(message); } } }
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