Java利用httpclient通過get、post方式調用https接口的方法
通過httpclient的get post方式調用http很常見。一般都是
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); HttpPost post = new HttpPost(http://127.0.0.1/login);
但是如果要調用https這個方式就不行瞭。就要修改DefaultHttpClient
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.47</version> </dependency>
先導入包
然後重寫DefaultHttpClient的類
import java.security.cert.CertificateException; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext; import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager; import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager; import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme; import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient { public SSLClient() throws Exception{ super(); SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() { @Override public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } @Override public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { } @Override public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; } }; ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null); SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER); ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager(); SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry(); sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf)); } }
這時候就可以使用https方式調用瞭
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.StatusLine; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity; import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class HttpClientUtil { public static String doGet(String url,String charset) throws Exception{ HttpClient httpClient = null; HttpGet Httpget = null; String result = null; httpClient = new SSLClient(); Httpget = new HttpGet(url); Httpget.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); HttpGet.setEntity(se); HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(Httpget); if(response != null){ HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity(); if(resEntity != null){ result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset); } } return result; } public static String doPost(String url,String json,String charset) throws Exception{ HttpClient httpClient = null; HttpPost HttpPost = null; String result = null; httpClient = new SSLClient(); HttpPost = new HttpPost(url); HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/json"); StringEntity se = new StringEntity(json); se.setContentType("text/json"); se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader("Content-Type", "application/json")); HttpPost.setEntity(se); HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(HttpPost); if(response != null){ HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity(); if(resEntity != null){ result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset); } } return result; } }
post調用代碼
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser"; String json = "{\"id\":1}"; String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, json, "utf-8"); System.out.println(str); }
get調用代碼
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{ String url = "https://127.0.0.1/getuser?id=1"; String str = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, "utf-8"); System.out.println(str); }
StringEntity參數說明
se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json”));
使用的是json模式 所以傳的格式是json
application/xhtml+xml :XHTML格式
application/xml : XML數據格式
application/atom+xml :Atom XML聚合格式
application/json : JSON數據格式
application/pdf :pdf格式
application/msword : Word文檔格式
application/octet-stream : 二進制流數據(如常見的文件下載)
application/x-www-form-urlencoded : 中默認的encType,form表單數據被編碼為key/value格式發送到服務器(表單默認的提交數據的格式)
HttpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", " application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); List<NameValuePair> params=new ArrayList<>(); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key1","value1")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key2","value2")); params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key3","value3")); UrlEncodedFormEntity entity=new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,"UTF-8"); HttpPost.setEntity(entity);
如果要采用表單提交方式就需要修改成上面所描述的方式。
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