如何利用最簡單的C語言實現AI五子棋

一.如何實現

1.說明:由於本文隻是對初學C語言的人學習,所以將不會涉及任何算法,電腦將采用隨機下子的方式。(後期會為大傢介紹Alpha-Beta剪枝算法實現人工智能AI)

2.主要部分:

(1)菜單

(2)打印棋盤

(3)玩傢下子

(4)電腦下子

(5)判斷輸贏

二.實現代碼及分析

(1)菜單的制作

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運用do…while循環調用菜單,根據用戶選擇實現玩遊戲和退出遊戲

(2)棋盤的初始化和打印

棋盤采用標準的15*15的格子,我們可以宏定義ROW和COL分別為15和15來表示行和列。

在這裡插入圖片描述

分別封裝兩個函數對棋盤進行初始化和打印

初始化:(這裡將棋盤初始化為空格,可初始化為其他)

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打印棋盤:

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效果如下:

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(3)玩傢下子

void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	int x, y;
	while (1) {
		printf("玩傢走:\n");
		printf("請輸入坐標:\n");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col) {
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'O';
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("坐標被占用,請重新輸入\n");
			}
		}
		else {
			printf("坐標非法,請重新輸入\n");
		}
	}
}

玩傢下子主要采用的思路是,判斷棋盤上是否有子,已經輸入的坐標是否合法。

(4)電腦下子

void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	int x, y;
	printf("電腦走\n");
	while (1) {
		x = rand() % row;
		y = rand() % col;
		if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
			board[x][y] = 'X';
			break;
		}
	}
}

與玩傢下子相同,此處采用的隨機下子,後期可進行優化(比如:極大極小值算法、Alpha-Beta剪枝算法等)

(5)判斷輸贏

通過遍歷整個棋盤,觀察是否有連五子情況出現,代碼如下:

char iswin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	//行
	int ren=0,dian=0,i,j;
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		ren = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O')
				ren++;
			else
				ren = 0;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		dian = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X')
				dian++;
			else
				dian = 0;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//列
	ren = dian = 0;
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		ren = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[j][i] == 'O')
				ren++;
			else
				ren = 0;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		dian = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[j][i] == 'X')
				dian++;
			else
				dian = 0;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//右下
	ren = dian =i=j= 0;
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		ren = 0;
		while (i < row && j < col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				ren++;
			}
			else {
				ren = 0;
			}
			i++;
			j++;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	i = j = 0;
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i < row && j < col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//右上
	for (int k = row;k >=0;k--) {
		j = col;
		i = k;
		ren = 0;
		while (i >=0 && j >=0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				ren++;
			}
			else
				ren = 0;
			i--;
			j--;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i < row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k <row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i <row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i < row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k <row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i <row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	return 'c';
	//左
}

三.整個代碼

(1)test.c文件下代碼:

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"game.h"
void menu() {
	printf("**************************\n");
	printf("******* 1. play  *********\n");
	printf("******* 0. exit  *********\n");
	printf("**************************\n");
}
void game() {
	//棋盤數組
	char board[ROW][COL],ret;
	//初始化棋盤
	InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	//打印棋盤
	PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
	//下棋
	int a;
	printf("1.先手 0.後手");
	scanf("%d", &a);
	if(a==1)
		PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
	else
		ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
	while (1) {
		if (a == 0) {
			//PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
			ret=iswin(board, ROW, COL);
			if (ret != 'c') {
				break;
			}
			//ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
			ret = iswin(board, ROW, COL);
			if (ret != 'c') {
				break;
			}
		}
		else {
			//ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
			ret = iswin(board, ROW, COL);
			if (ret != 'c') {
				break;
			}
			//PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
			PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
			ret = iswin(board, ROW, COL);
			if (ret != 'c') {
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	if (ret == 'o')
		printf("玩傢贏\n");
	else if (ret == 'x')
		printf("電腦贏\n");
	else
		printf("平局\n");
}
int main() {
	int input;
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
	do {
		menu();
		scanf("%d", &input);
		switch (input) {
		case 1:
			game();
			break;
		case 0:
			printf("退出遊戲\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf("選擇錯誤\n");
			break;
		}
	} while (input);
	return 0;
}

(2)game.c下的代碼

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include"game.h"
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	for (int i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		for (int j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			board[i][j] = ' ';
		}
	}
}
void PrintBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	for (int i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		printf("  ");
		printf("%2d", i+1);
	}
	printf("\n");
	for (int i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		//打印數據
		printf("%2d", i + 1);
		for (int j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
			if (j < col - 1)
				printf("|");
		}
		printf("\n");
		//打印分割行
		if (i < row - 1) {
			printf("  ");
			for (int j = 0;j < col;j++) {

				printf("---");
				if (j < col-1)
					printf("|");
			}
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
}

void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	int x, y;
	while (1) {
		printf("玩傢走:\n");
		printf("請輸入坐標:\n");
		scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
		if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col) {
			if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
				board[x - 1][y - 1] = 'O';
				break;
			}
			else {
				printf("坐標被占用,請重新輸入\n");
			}
		}
		else {
			printf("坐標非法,請重新輸入\n");
		}
	}
}

void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	int x, y;
	printf("電腦走\n");
	while (1) {
		x = rand() % row;
		y = rand() % col;
		if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
			board[x][y] = 'X';
			break;
		}
	}
}

char iswin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
	//行
	int ren=0,dian=0,i,j;
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		ren = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O')
				ren++;
			else
				ren = 0;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		dian = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X')
				dian++;
			else
				dian = 0;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//列
	ren = dian = 0;
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		ren = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[j][i] == 'O')
				ren++;
			else
				ren = 0;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (i = 0;i < row;i++) {
		dian = 0;
		for (j = 0;j < col;j++) {
			if (board[j][i] == 'X')
				dian++;
			else
				dian = 0;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//右下
	ren = dian =i=j= 0;
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		ren = 0;
		while (i < row && j < col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				ren++;
			}
			else {
				ren = 0;
			}
			i++;
			j++;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	i = j = 0;
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i < row && j < col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}
		
	}
	//右上
	for (int k = row;k >=0;k--) {
		j = col;
		i = k;
		ren = 0;
		while (i >=0 && j >=0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				ren++;
			}
			else
				ren = 0;
			i--;
			j--;
			if (ren >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}
		
	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = row;k >= 0;k--) {
		i = k;
		j = 0;
		dian = 0;
		while (i >= 0 && j <col) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i--;
			j++;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k < row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i < row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'O') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'o';
		}

	}
	for (int k = 0;k <row;k++) {
		i = k;
		j = col;
		dian = 0;
		while (i <row && j >= 0) {
			if (board[i][j] == 'X') {
				dian++;
			}
			else
				dian = 0;
			i++;
			j--;
			if (dian >= 5)
				return 'x';
		}

	}
	return 'c';
	//左
}

(3)game.h下的代碼

#pragma once
#define ROW 15
#define COL 15
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<time.h>
//初始化棋盤
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盤
void PrintBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//人走
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//電腦走
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判斷輸贏
char iswin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

四.具體效果

1.棋盤打印以及選擇先後手

在這裡插入圖片描述

2.玩傢和電腦下子

在這裡插入圖片描述

3.判斷輸贏

在這裡插入圖片描述

此處我們看到玩傢贏瞭,可是電腦實在太蠢瞭,所以還有很多地方需要添加的

歡迎各位大佬對此代碼進行優化!

總結

到此這篇關於如何利用最簡單的C語言實現AI五子棋的文章就介紹到這瞭,更多相關C語言實現AI五子棋內容請搜索WalkonNet以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大傢以後多多支持WalkonNet!

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